Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common dermatologic condition in which hyperplastic epidermal lesions develop in response to excessive and chronic exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. If left untreated, AK can progress to squamous cell carcinomas of the skin. Incidence is rising worldwide as a result of the progressive aging of populations and an increase in lifetime cumulative exposure to UV radiation. Currently, various treatment options exist, which range from topical medications to light-based therapies and procedural modalities. In this article, we will review the treatment options for AK with a focus on assessments of patient satisfaction with treatment.

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Background: In recent years, the number of agents for treatment of plaque psoriasis has increased rapidly. Objective: To compare available and investigational agents for treatment of psoriasis. Methods: Pivotal clinical trials for infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, ustekinumab, secukinumab, ixekizumab, brodalumab, guselkumab, tildrakizumab, methotrexate, tofacitinib, and apremilast in plaque psoriasis were identified. Percentages of patients achieving PASI 75, 90, and 100 were extracted. Results: Seventeen publications, including data from 21 trials, were reviewed. All medications were more efficacious in achieving PASI 75 compared to placebo. Ixekizumab exhibited the greatest difference in PASI 75 and PASI 90, while brodalumab showed the greatest difference in PASI 100. Limitations: Heterogeneity existed in patient demographics and study design including primary endpoint weeks between trials. Data included were only from the primary endpoint week. Conclusions: All biologics exhibited greater PASI improvement than placebo, with newer agents more capable of achieving PASI 90 and PASI 100. Head-to-head comparator trials are needed for more accurate comparison.

Background: Adherence to subcutaneous biologic agents for the treatment of psoriasis can be negatively influenced by injection pain.