The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in the clinical and hemato-biochemical parameters of cattle calves suffering from bovine respiratory disease (BRD) compared to pen matched healthy control calves. This study was conducted on 20 calves suffered from BRD and 10 apparently healthy calves. Clinical and physical examination of BRD affected calves revealed significant (P<0.05) increase in pulse rate, body temperature, respiratory rate, anorexia, nasal discharge, coughing, dyspnoea and abnormal lung sounds. Hematological analysis showed that the BRD affected-calves revealed significant (P<0.05) decrease in red blood cells (RBCs) count, haemoglobin (Hb) content, packed cell volume (PCV %) and lymphocytes count, with significant (P<0.05) increase in white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, monocytes and eosinophils. Biochemical analysis showed significant (P<0.05) increase in total proteins, globulin, with significant (P<0.05) decrease in albumin and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio in diseased calves compared to healthy control. Moreover, the BRD affected calves showed significant (P<0.05) increase in liver enzymes activity and kidney function test. In conclusion, the results of this study revealed that the respiratory diseases in calves have severe impacts on several hematological and biochemical parameters.

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This work aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of garlic oil extract and artichoke extract with regarding to clinical, hematobiochemical alteration and oxidative stress status of induced acute hepatopathy in Baladi goats. Fifteen Baladi goats were kept for experimental induction of hepatopathy that treated orally with 0.3 ml /kg of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) once and divided randomly into 3 groups each of five. Group A was kept as control positive. Group B and Group C were treated by garlic oil extract in dose 0.8mg/kg and artichoke extract in dose 10mg/kg for 15 days for hepatic protection before induction. Clinical and hematobiochemical examination were carried out at 1 st , 3 rd and 7 th day after induction. Clinical examinations of CCl4 treated group at first day showed dullness, inappetence, pale mucous membranes, elevated body temperature and pulse rate and nervous manifestations. While garlic and artichoke extracts treated groups showed less severe clinical signs that began to disappear at 3 rd day after induction. With the Hematobiochemical examination, the induced acute hepatopathy group showed significant (P<0.05) decrease in RBCs, Hb, PCV, GPX and SOD and significant (P<0.05) increase in WBCs, ALT, AST, GGT, total and direct bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and MDA. While garlic and artichoke extracts treated groups showed significant (P<0.05) increase in RBCs, Hb, PCV and antioxidant status with significant (P<0.05) decrease in liver damage indices of treated animals. Therefore, we concluded that garlic oil extract and artichoke extract could be used as hepatoprotective agent in Baladi goats. Baladi goats.

The aim of this study was to evaluate pulmonary function test, acute phase proteins, proinflammatory cytokines, electrolyte balance and electrocardiographic alterations in bovine respiratory diseases (BRD) affected calves compared to pen matched healthy control calves. A total of 30 calves (20 BRD affected calves and 10 apparently healthy calves) were used in this study. BRD affected calves showed significant (P< 0.05) reduction in blood pH, partial pressure of oxygen, oxygen saturation, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and chloride, and significant (P< 0.05) increase in partial pressure of carbon dioxide, total carbon dioxide and potassium. Acute phase proteins and proinflammatory cytokines assessment revealed a significant (P< 0.05) increase of serum amyloid A, haptoglobin, fibrinogen and interleukin-6 in diseased calves compared to healthy control calves. Electrocardiographic examination of BRD affected calves revealed a significant increase in heart rate with a significant (P< 0.05) alteration in electrocardiographic changes (ECG) wave trace parameters (P wave, QRS complex, T wave, PR interval, QT interval). In conclusion, measurement of pulmonary function test, APPs, cytokines and ECG could be used as valuable and early diagnostic tools for BRD diagnosis in feedlot cattle calves.

Seventeen she camels aged (8-10) years old and weighting (350-400) kg were screened for the digestive disorders. Seven camels (40%) were healthy and set as control, four camels (24%) suffered from simple indigestion(SI), three camels (18%) suffered from ruminal acidosis (RA), and three camels (18%) suffered from other digestive disorders (12% foreign body and 6% liver fibrosis).Results of clinical examination revealed that body temperature, respiratory rate, and pulse rate were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in RA group compared to control while ruminal movements in both RA and SI groups were significantly decreased. The hematological findings showed significant increase in Hb, RBCs, PCV%, WBCs, and platelets in RA group compared to control. Biochemically, there was a significant increase in ALT, AST, GGT, urea, Creatinine, and K and significant decrease in ALP, albumin, globulin, total protein, A/G ratio, Na, Cl, Ca, P and Mg in RA group compared to control. Ruminal juice examination revealed a significant increase in SAT, MBRT, and significant decrease in ruminal pH, protozoal count and activity in both RA and SI groups. Ultrasonographically, the ruminal wall and reticular wall thickness were significantly increased in RA group only while small intestine diameter was significantly increased in both RA and SI groups. The content of abomasum and small intestine appeared more echoic in both RA and SI groups. It is concluded that different types of indigestion, particularly the RA can produce hematobiochemical and ultrasonographical changes with alterations in ruminal juice characters in camels.