is paper presents an overview of action research on dea lind education in Japan. It de nes the concept of dea lindness in Japan along with the relevant number of a ected children, describes their daily life, and summarizes the educational challenges they encounter. is study also outlines educational practice in Japan, which began in 1948 and marked the beginning of dea lind education in the country, and reviews the educational perspectives ("initial learning" and "problem-solving-based learning as an aspect of initial learning") and the e ects of educational practice on dea lind education in Japan. is paper also examines several initial communication studies on dea lind education published in Japan since 2001. Among those cited is the author's research, which focuses on a dialogue with one congenitally dea lind child and addresses the challenges of action research surrounding communication with dea lind children in Japan.

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