A case of primary testicular plasmacytoma complicated with hydrocele of the testis is reported. An 86-year-old man presented with hydrocele of the right testis. High inguinal orchiectomy was performed as the preoperative aspiration cytology of the hydrocele fluid showed atypical cells. Immunohistochemical study of the right testis revealed testicular plasmacytoma positive for IgG. He remained well 9 months after the orchiectomy. This is the second reported case where the preoperative diagnosis of testicular plasmacytoma was made based on the hydrocele fluid cytology.

The incidence of viable testicular tissue in vanishing testes was 4.7% in our series and it ranges from 0-16% in other series. We submit that one can diagnose the inguinal vanishing testis with preoperative imaging and laparoscopy, and that the nubbin seldom contains testicular tissue. Our results do not support the necessity to remove nubbins.

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We report a case of transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) at the terminal of ileal conduit and right ureteroileal junction after cystectomy and left nephroureterectomy. When upper urinary tract tumor occurs after cystectomy with ileal conduit, it is necessary to beware of the recurrence of TCC in the ileal conduit.

The de-serosalized muscle layer covering method prevented ureteral reflux completely with a low stricture rate. The antireflux function of this method seems to depend on the flexibility of the terminal ureter covered with the de-serosalized ileal wall. Reflux prevention in the low intravesical pressure phase seems to be due to extension of the ileal wall.