Purpose: To retrospectively evaluate the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and Gleason score (GS) in prostate cancer.Methods: A total of 60 patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer were selected for this study. Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images were obtained using a 1.5 T system. ADC values were analyzed between three groups: GS of 6 or less (n ¼ 7); GS of 7 (n ¼ 37); and GS of 8 or higher (n ¼ 16). ADC values of the three GS groups were statistically analyzed in order to determine the relationship with GS. In the 37 patients with GS ¼ 7 the difference in ADC values between GS 3þ4 and GS 4þ3 was analyzed. Results: Median ADC values (10À3 mm 2 /s) of the three GS groups were 1.04 (GS ¼ 6 or less), 0.867 (GS ¼ 7), and 0.729 (GS ¼ 8 or higher). Although there was considerable overlap among the groups, the differences in ADC were statistically significant (P < 0.0001). There was a significant inverse correlation between GS and ADC values (z ¼ À0.437, P < 0.0005). Median ADC values (10 À3 mm 2 /s) of GS 3þ4 and GS 4þ3 patients were 0.88 and 0.814, respectively (P < 0.05). Conclusion: ADC values showed a negative correlation with GS. Pathologically, however, there was considerable intrasubject heterogeneity.

Lipiodol accumulation pattern as evaluated by CT immediately after TACE may be a powerful indicator of the therapeutic efficacy of TACE in HCC patients.

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Low-dose CT urography with AIDR 3D allows 45% reduction of radiation dose without degenerating of the image quality in the excretory phase independently to a BMI.