Between 2014 and 2017, Caja de Seguridad Social (CSS) in Panama implemented in 32 contact points a self-monitoring program that provided patients with diabetes mellitus a glucometer, lancets, test strips, software for downloading and analyzing the blood glucose levels, and nutrition services for the diabetes management of the patients. The main objective of this study is to assess the clinical impact of the self-monitoring program, through the reduction of the blood glucose (there was not a protocol to measure glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c] during the program). As a secondary objective, assess the economic impact due to the change in deaths and complications associated with this intervention and project them through time given these events probability. As a result of the analysis, a 6% increase (p < 0.000) was observed in the rate of patients under glycemic control (HbA1c < 7%). Also, a positive impact on glucose levels was observed in 82% of patients. Savings of 20.9 million dollars were estimated for the patients that participated in the program and had the required information for the analysis. Our results motivate the discussion of the clinical and economic impact of self-monitoring.