Authors analyzed of ecological hydrogeological conditions of coal mine Yuncom underground nuclear blast chamber flooding and possible risk of the ground and surface water contamination.An analysis of the compatible graphs of semi-logarithmic dependences lg S0/St) of the time observation of the levels rise in the mines of the NTGS according to the analytical model that was developed on the example of flooding of the Stakhanov group of mines indicates their hydrodynamic analogy and the possibility of separation of three principal phases of the hydraulically-filtration process of the Donbas mines flooding:1 ) initial accelerated rise of the level is mainly connected with decrease in volume of the peripheral part of the depression due to reduced volume of mining operations and the prevailing movement of underground flow in its deep permeable part; time extension up to 3–4 months;2) predominance in the lithologic composition of coal-bearing rocks of the weakly permeable sandy-clay rocks (up to 70–80 % of total capacity) with increased sorption capacity increases the waterproofing capacity of the rock mass in conditions of further deformation and its full water saturation during flooding of the mine.3) For the zone of the “Klivazh” object influence is characterized by the limitation (in the current conditions of incomplete water saturation) migration of radioactive explosion products due to their predominant concentration in the difficult soluble formations of the explosive chamber and the influence of coal-bearing, weakly permeable rocks sorption.Main hazards of these processes are connected with stohastic parameters of mine water movement and dangerous toxic contaminants migration into fresh water aquifers (zone of active water exchange) and surface water objects.Modern system of ground water movement during regional coal mines flooding within Central Donbas has a complex hydraulic-filtration structure that is why this situation demands of the new calculative models elaboration.
Monitoring of geological environment and mineral resources is a very important element, which provides functioning of all system of state administration in the field of environment protection, uses of natural resources and ecological safety in Ukraine, development of which the protracted historical period was determined by the mining minerals export of products of its processing. It stipulated critical, often close to catastrophic, state of geological environment in the basic mining districts of country. Especially a situation was aggravated in Donbas, where, in connection with the conduct of battle actions, out-of-control closing of mines and stopping of the mine waters pumping, an ecocatastrophe began to develop rapid rates. The programs of ecological rehabilitation of mining regions must be based on the constantly operating real-time prognosis model of geological environment on the basis of the geographic information system with the debugged systems of monitoring of its different parts (hydrogeological, engineer-geological, seismic, contaminations of soils and surface water et al). At creation and functioning of such models in districts with the crisis and catastrophic state of environment financial resources will be distributed more rationally on warning and decision of concrete ecological problems which can arise up in case of realization of the most ecological risks expected in such model.
The article deals with the study of geotechnical conditions in Kryvbas. The major factors of technogenic changes in an ecological state of the geological environment during development of ferruginous quartzite deposits have been determined. The big mining complex in Kryvbas is a complex natural-technogenic geosystem with the mainly irreversible use of raw material resources the renewable ability of which is quite low. One of the main factors of the environmental impact of PGTS Kryvbas is the formation of signi
Over the recent decades in Ukraine regional activation of flooding of lands, accompanied by landslide formation and subsidence of surfaces take place. It is caused by interaction of a complex of natural and technogenic factors (global climate changes, groundwater afflux in areas of impact of reservoirs, flooding of numerous mines and quarries, etc.). On the territories of the most widespread in Ukraine loessy and loessy-loamy soils these phenomena become the most dangerous transformations of engineering and geotechnical state of th e upper part of the geological environment. The researches carried out at the ITGIS have clarified that the specific engineering and geological properties of loessy soils (soaking, subsidence and thixotropy) are the main factors contributing to progressive reduction of engineering seismogeological stability of these soils. The cause of thixotropic dilution is the operation of various vibration mechanisms or closeness of the objects causing vibration (railways, etc.). Thixotropic dilution is mostly caused by vibrational destruction of non-waterproof aggregate structure of loessy soil. Destruction is also accompanied by vibrational movement of products of destruction into the pore space. After termination of vibration the aggregate structure is partially restored due to the formation of secondary aggregates. Today more than 50% of 460 cities and 885 urban-type settlements in Ukraine are located in the zone of subsiding loessy and loessy-loamy soils, up to 15% are affected by natural and technogenic karst formation, and in 9% (123) of the cases development of landslides was recorded. Natural and technogenic flooding of the territory was recorded in more than 40% (546) of cities and towns. Therefore, there are complex changes in the geotechnical conditions in majority of the industrial urban agglomerations of Ukraine and deterioration of ecological and geological parameters of life within them. The zoning by the regional geotechnical risk of flooding of cities and villages of Ukraine situated on loessy and loessy-loamy soils should be carried out on the basis of the combined effect of natural and technogenic factors.
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