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It has been shown theoretically and confirmed experimentally that the dispersion of dirt particles found in engine oils and working fluids affects significantly their physical properties. In particular, it has been established that if dirt particles are artificially dispersed in a lubricant, its electrical conductivity increases. This, in turn, is expected to lead to a decrease in the share of electrostatic wear of the tribo units. Such particles are also able to increase the mechanical strength (surface tension) of lubricating films, that is, to make the boundary layers more durable, due to which we can expect a decrease in wear of tribo units. In this case, the thermal conductivity of oil lubricating films with highly dispersed dirt particles does not change.

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The degree of dispersion of particles of pollution and their amount in the lubricating medium substantially affects the anti-wear properties of the latter. At the same time, if the particle size of the contaminants is 5 microns or less, the anti-wear properties of such a lubricant medium are improved and, consequently, the wear of the friction surfaces decreases. The equation for the wear rate is obtained taking into account the interaction of charged wear particles with friction surfaces. It is shown that on the basis of the obtained equation, the wear rate can be presented as a decreasing function of the coefficient of the lubricant anti-wear properties, which is the ratio of concentrations of finely dispersed to coarsely dispersed particles.

The mode and parameters of applying an ion-plasma coating to the surface of the working bodies are established. The thickness of the ionplasma coating on the surface of the excavating parts is specified. It is found that the samples with the thickness of the ion-plasma coating of 4 μm have the greatest wear resistance. The metallographic characteristics of the material of the knives with the ion-plasma coating applied to their surface are determined.