After long‐term evolution, organisms in nature have achieved optimal structure, organization, and function to adapt to the environment. Some ingenious biological structures have highly efficient solar light absorption, matter transmission, and natural photocatalytic properties, such as leaves, sunflowers, seaweeds, algae, bacteria. Artificial photocatalysis, which involves CO2 reduction and water splitting to obtain green renewable energy or oxygen, is of great significance for solving the problem of energy shortages, achieving carbon neutrality, and building a sustainable society. In order to improve the efficiency of artificial photocatalysis, it is necessary to develop highly efficient photocatalysts by expanding ideas and drawing innovative inspiration from nature. Artificially constructed photocatalysts with bionic structures achieved by simulating natural organisms have gradually become an exciting research field with great potential in recent years. This article reviews bioinspired photocatalysts and photocatalytic systems from the aspects of principle, composition, construction method, and the achieved performance. It is expected that this review will help researchers develop a systematic and in‐depth understanding for the biomimetic design of photocatalysts and photocatalytic systems.

Photocatalytic CO2 reduction with valuable carbon-containing fuel production using abundant light energy resources is conducive to reducing CO2 emissions and fossil fuel combustion. Drawing inspiration from the excellent capabilities of active substances in both light capture and photogenerated charge transfer in natural photosynthesis of porphyrins and their derivatives will help to develop research ideas for CO2 reduction photocatalysts. Porphyrin-based porous structure photocatalysts have excellent light absorption units and porous structures. Its excellent light capture, CO2 capture/adsorption, mass transfer, and more catalytic sites are beneficial for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. To further effectively improve the CO2 reduction performance of porphyrin-based porous photocatalysts, it is necessary to review its recent research progress. With the key processes in the photocatalytic CO2 reduction taken as a path to understand, analyze, and summarize the composition, structure, synthesis method, and performance of porphyrin-based photocatalysts, this review focuses on metal-free porphyrin-based porous photocatalysts with strong CO2 adsorption, porphyrin-based porous photocatalysts with active coordination metals, and porphyrin-based porous composite photocatalysts with strong photogenerated charge separation ability in the photocatalytic CO2 reduction field. Finally, the challenges and prospects of porphyrin-based porous photocatalysts for CO2 reduction are discussed.