Copyrolysis of biomass
is one of the potential options to improve
the quality of bio-oil. In this study, different types of feedstock,
palm empty fruit bunches fiber (EFBF) and palm oil mill effluent (POME)
sludge, were conducted via thermogravimetric analysis. The thermogravimetric
behavior of EFBF and POME sludge blends (EFBF:POME
sludge mass ratio of 100, 90, 75, 50, 25, and 0%) were subjected to
different heating rates of (5, 10, 20, 30, 40 °C/min) with a
nitrogen (N2) purge of 20 mL/min to simulate pyrolysis
conditions. As the percentage of POME sludge in the blend increases,
the thermogravimetric data and thermogravimetric derivative profiles
shifted from EFBF to that of POME sludge gradually. A higher mass
loss rate of EFBF upon devolatilization indicates the higher reactivity
than that of POME sludge. During copyrolysis, a positive synergistic
effect was observed. All the samples experienced three pyrolysis stages,
and for each stage, the mechanisms responsible were determined. The
third order kinetic model (F3) was identified as the most suitable
model in the master-plot method. However, a deviation from the theoretical
master plot at high percentage of POME sludge in blends was observed.
Therefore, a stagewise analysis of copyrolysis was done using the
Coats–Redfern (CR) method. A change in diffusion mechanism
was identified as POME sludge percentage increased in blends during
the main decomposition stage, which reveals the lack of a specific
shape for sludge particles.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.