Background: Sedentary behavior is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We investigated this association of sedentary time and physical activity with increased 10-year CVD risk in Korean adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014-2017). In total, 14,551 participants aged 30-74 years (6,323 men, 8,228 women) were analyzed. The usual length of sedentary time per day was categorized into three groups (<6, 6-<9, or ≥9 h/d), and physical activity (metabolic equivalents [METs]•min/wk) was categorized into two groups (low, <600 METs•min/wk; moderate/high, ≥600 METs•min/wk). Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between sedentary time and increased CVD risk (predicted 10-year risk ≥10%). Adjusted variables were age, sex, body mass index, marital status, employment, household income, alcohol use, family history of CVD, and comorbidity (hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia). Results: The average sedentary time for the 14,551 participants was 7.49 h/d, with an average 10-year CVD risk of 9.58%. There was no significant association between sedentary time and increased 10-year CVD risk in the moderate/high physical activity group. In the low physical activity group, sedentary time ≥9 h/d had a significant association with increased CVD risk (odds ratio [OR], 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04-1.62). However, when the sedentary time was <6 h/d, no significant associations were found (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 0.92-1.49). Conclusion: In the low physical activity group, reduction of sedentary time might be important for preventing increased CVD risk.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the association between the high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in Korean men. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed the data of 3,705 men (age 30-64 years) who participated in the 2014-2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). SSB intake was defined as the sum of the intakes of carbonated beverages and fruit juices. Participants were categorized into study groups depending on their intake of SSBs: ≤2, 3-4, or ≥5 times per week. High CVD risk was defined as a 10-year risk of more than 10%, based on the Framingham Heart Study 10-year CVD Risk Calculator. The association between high CVD risk and SSB intake was evaluated using a multivariable-adjusted logistic regression model. Results: Korean men who consumed SSBs 3-4 and ≥5 times a week showed a multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of 1.49 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.11) and 1.61 (95% CI, 0.97-2.67) for high CVD risk, respectively, compared with those who consumed SSBs ≤2 times per week. Additionally, the risk of CVD increased with the increase in the intake of SSBs (P-trend=0.01). In subgroup analysis, no association was observed between SSB intake and high CVD risk in the group with regular physical activity (P for interaction=0.01). Conclusion:In Korean men, except those with regular physical activity, SSB intake ≥3 times a week is associated with a high risk for CVD (10-year CVD risk ≥10%).