No abstract

No abstract

Tanaman rosella merupakan tanaman asli dari benua Asia (India hingga Malaysia) dan benua Afrika. Kultivasi bagian bunga, daun, dan biji dari tanaman rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) telah lama digunakan oleh masyarakat sebagai bahan makanan dan pengobatan empiris. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan tanaman rosella memiliki aktivitas farmakologi sebagai antikanker, antibakteri dan antioksidan. Telah dilaporkan bahwa bagian daun dan akar rosella dilaporkan mengandung senyawa fenolik terbanyak dibandingkan dengan bagian lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik dan pelarut ekstraksi terhadap aktivitas antioksidan dari empat jenis ekstrak daun rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Teknik ekstraksi yang dilakukan adalah maserasi, infus dan refluk menggunakan pelarut air dan pelarut etanol. Aktivitas peredaman radikal bebas DPPH teridentifikasi pada pola kromatogram lapis tipis dengan penampak bercak DPPH 0,2% dari seluruh ekstrak daun rosella. Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode peredaman radikal bebas DPPH dilakukan terhadap seluruh ekstrak daun rosella, yaitu ekstrak air teknik maserasi (AM), ekstrak air teknik infus (AI), ekstrak etanol teknik maserasi (EM), serta ekstrak etanol teknik refluk (ER). Nilai IC50 ekstrak AM, AI, EM dan ER berturut-turut adalah: 0,00056 ppm (sangat kuat); 0,00057 (sangat kuat); 0,00044 ppm (sangat kuat); 0,00092 ppm (sangat kuat). Metode penyarian metabolit sekunder optimal untuk aktivitas antioksidan pada daun rosella adalah teknik ekstraksi maserasi dengan pelarut etanol (ER).   Rosella is one of a native plant from Asia (India to Malaysia) and Africa. The Flowers, leaves, and seeds cultivated from rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) have been used in folk medicine as food and empirical treatment.  The previous study reported the pharmacological activities of rosella as anti-cancer, anti-bacterial and anti-oxidant.  It has been reported that leaf and root of rosella found to have phenolic compounds as the major components. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of extraction technique and solvent on the anti-oxidant activity of four extracts of rosella leaves (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). The extraction techniques include maceration, infusion and reflux with water and ethanol. Scavenging activities of DPPF free radical of all rosella leaves extracts were identified by thin layer chromatography, indicated by DPPH 0,2% reagent. The evaluation of antioxidant activity using scavenging DPPH free radical method was performed to all rosella leaves extract, including water extract by maceration method (AM), water extract by infusion method (AI), ethanol extract by maceration method (EM), ethanol extract by reflux method (ER).  The IC50 values of AM, AI, EM and ER were 0,00056 ppm (very strong); 0,00057 (very strong); 0,00044 ppm (very strong); 0,00092 ppm (very strong). The most optimum method to extract secondary metabolite with anti-oxidant properties was maceration with ethanol (ER).

Telah dilakukan penelitian aktivitas antijamur ekstrak metanol dari tujuh belas simplisia, yaitu rimpang dringo (Acorus calamus L.), umbi lapis bawang putih (Allium sativum L.), rimpang lengkuas (Alpinia galanga (L.) Wild.), rimpang kunyit (Curcuma domestica Val.), daun kayu manis (Cinamomum burmanii), daun sereh wangi (Cymbopogon nardus), herba urang aring (Eclipta alba), daun sirih (Piper betle L.), daun ketepeng (Cassia alata L.), rimpang temu putih (Curcuma zedoaria (Christin) Rosc.), rimpang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.), rimpang jahe (Zingiber officinale Rosc.), bunga dan daun cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum(L.) Merrill and Perry), kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.), herba babadotan (Ageratum conyzoides L.),dan daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum ) terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. Uji aktivitas antijamur menggunakan metode difusi agar dengan menghitung prosentase penghambatan pertumbuhan radial miselium jamur pada hari ke tujuh. Konsentrasi ekstrak metanol yang digunakan untuk uji aktivitas antijamur, yaitu 2,5%, 5%, dan 10%. Ekstrak metanol daun sirih, bunga dan daun cengkeh memiliki aktivitas antijamur tinggi, yaitu 76-100%, Ekstrak metanol kunyit, dringo, temulawak, jahe memiliki aktivitas < 50%. Ekstrak metanol babadotan, bawang putih, lengkuas, ketepeng, temuputih, sereh wangi, sirih merah, manggis, kayu manis, dan urang aring tidak memiliki aktivitas antijamur Fusarium.Kata kunci : Antijamur, Fusarium oxysporium, tanaman obat.AbstractAntifungal activity of methanol extracts from 17 crude drugs, i.e. rhizome of Acorus calamus, bulbs of Allium sativum L, rhizome of Alpinia galanga L., rhizome of Curcuma domestica Val., leaves of Cinamomum burmanii, leaves of Cymbopogon nardus, leaves of Eclipta alba, leaves of Piper betle L., leaves of Cassia alata L., rhizome of Curcuma zedoaria Christin., rhizome of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb, rhizome of Zingiber officinale Rosc., flower and leaves of Syzygium aromaticum, peel of Garcinia mangostana, herbs of Ageratum conyzoides, and leaves of Piper crocatum against fungi growth Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht. Antifungal activity was tested using agar diffusion method by calculating the percentage inhibition of fungal mycelium radial growth on the seventh day of incubation. Concentrations of the methanol extracts used were 2.5%, 5%, and 10% w/v. Methanol extract of Piper betle leaf, flower and leaf of clove, had a high antifungal activity 76-100%. Methanol extract of turmeric, dringo, ginger, had activity <50%. Methanol extract of babadotan, garlic, galangal, candle bush, white turmeric, citronella grass, red betel, mangosteen, cinnamon, and bhringraj did not have antifungal fusarium activity.Keyword : Antifungal activity, Fusarium oxysporium , medicinal plants.

The forest honje (Etlingera hemisphaerica (Blume) R.M.Sm) belongs to the Zingiberaceae family, and its leaves are green on top and red on the bottom. The goal of this research was to investigate the phytochemical content of forest honje leaves' crude medicine, the antioxidant activity of various extracts using the DPPH method, and the levels of flavonoids and polyphenols in forest honje leaves using AlCl3 and the Folin Ciocalteu reagent. Extraction utilizing a reflux graded technique with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as subsequent solvents. The antioxidant activity of each extract was determined using the reagent 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, quinones, monoterpenes-sesquiterpenoids, and steroids/triterpenoids were found in the phytochemical screening of forest honje leaf crude medicine. The antioxidant activity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts was measured in IC50 values of 637.92 ± 0.2 μg/mL, 80.55 ± 0.2 μg/mL, and 49.37 ± 0.5 μg/mL, respectively, while quercetin had an IC50 value of 7.47 ± 0.2 μg/mL. Forest honje leaves crude drug had a flavonoid content of 67.85 ± 0.5 mg QE/g crude drug and a polyphenol content of 96.0 3± 0.6 GAE/g crude drug.