Water-emulsified diesel has proven itself as a technically sufficient improvement fuel to improve diesel engine fuel combustion emissions and engine performance. However, it has seldom been used in light-duty diesel engines. Therefore, this paper focuses on an investigation into the thermal efficiency and pollution emission analysis of a light-duty diesel engine generator fueled with different water content emulsified diesel fuels (WD, including WD-0, WD-5, WD-10, and WD-15). In this study, nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and carbon dioxide were analyzed by a vehicle emission gas analyzer and the particle size and number concentration were measured by an electrical low-pressure impactor. In addition, engine loading and fuel consumption were also measured to calculate the thermal efficiency. Measurement results suggested that water-emulsified diesel was useful to improve the thermal efficiency and the exhaust emission of a diesel engine. Obviously, the thermal efficiency was increased about 1.2 to 19.9%. In addition, water-emulsified diesel leads to a significant reduction of nitric oxide emission (less by about 18.3 to 45.4%). However the particle number concentration emission might be increased if the loading of the generator becomes lower than or equal to 1800 W. In addition, exhaust particle size distributions were shifted toward larger particles at high loading. The consequence of this research proposed that the water-emulsified diesel was useful to improve the engine performance and some of exhaust emissions, especially the NO emission reduction. Implications: The accumulated test results provide a good basis to resolve the corresponding pollutants emitted from a light-duty diesel engine generator. By measuring and analyzing transforms of exhaust pollutant from this engine generator, the effects of water-emulsified diesel fuel and loading on emission characteristics might be more clear. Understanding reduction of pollutant emissions during the use of water-emulsified diesel helps improve the effectiveness of the testing program. The analyzed consequences provide useful information to the government for setting policies to curb pollutant emissions from a light-duty diesel engine generator more effectively.

Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) technique are widely used to control nitrogen oxides emissions. However, both techniques have a general shortcoming known as NH 3 slip.This research introduced the design of activated carbon in a circulating fluidized-bed with microwave system and developed an innovative de-NO x technique. The whole system demonstrated the capability and advantage of reducing reductant cost and continuous process. The experiments investigated microwave to regenerate activated carbon (AC) in order to increase adsorption and destruction efficiency while reducing energy consumption. In the NO x abatement process, activated carbon adsorbed NO and NO 2 and then utilized microwave heating technology to regenerate itself because of microwave's high energy utilization and strong penetration ability. The specific surface areas of AC increased from 673.03 to 834.52 (m 2 /g) when microwave power was increased from 0 to 550 W, respectively, in this study. Through increasing the specific surface area, the microwave treatment further improved the NO x adsorption capacity and rate.In consequence, the results indicated that destruction efficiency of NO and NO 2 at 200 ppm could reach about 80% with microwave power of 350 W and above 85% of 550 W. The destruction efficiency at 550 W for NO x was about 77%.

The object of this study investigated the correlation of visibility with aerosol physical properties in the urban atmosphere. The field experiments were conducted in four seasons from August 2010 to March 2011 in National Taipei University of Technology (NTUT), located in the downtown of Taipei city. Integrating nephelometer was used to measure the aerosol optical properties and compared with the calculated values based upon the measurements of aerosol concentration and size distribution. The characterization of visibility was influenced by aerosol concentrations and relative humidity. When the relative humidity was above 70%, the particles usually grew into larger size range and changed their optical characteristics. The results showed that the surface area concentration had a great relationship with extinction coefficient, especially for PM 2.5 . The correlation between particle number or volume concentration and extinction coefficient was complicated. Hence, visibility could be estimated by particle surface area concentration. The conclusions suggested that particle surface area concentration obtained from number concentration combined with size distribution could be used to estimate visibility.

In this study, a simplified computer model for nonpoint source pollution that can be easily used by engineers on a personal computer was developed. In this model, the urban drainage basin was divided into several drainage subareas according to hydrological conditions. Manning's equation was used to simulate the overland flow and flowrate in the channel system. Mass balance equation was used for flow condition at channel junction points such as manholes. Data samples between 1986 and 1987 from the simulating area were used to calibrate and verify the model. The simulation results showed that the simplified model was capable of predicting the runoff and nonpoint source pollution from the small urban area quickly on a personal computer. The advantages of the model are simplicity, and less input data and computer time required, compared to some other complex models. For a small urban area, it satisfies the basic requirements to access the loading of nonpoint source pollution for planning and preliminary pollution control purposes.

The effects of oxygen on the pyrolysis of tetra pack, a principal component of municipal solid wastes in Taiwan, were investigated with a thermal gravimetric analysis ͑TGA͒ reaction system. The pyrolysis experiments of tetra pack were carried out in four different oxygen concentrations (C O2 , 5.37, 10.40, 14.82, and 20.95%͒ at the heating rates of 5.25, 10.36, and 15.06 K/min. The TGA curves indicated two principal reactions, distinguished by significant and distinct mass changes over the experimental range. Oxygen enhanced the pyrolysis reaction of tetra pack. A kinetic model was proposed for the pyrolysis of the tetra pack in an oxygen environment. The corresponding activation energies, preexponential factors, and reaction orders were determined. The experimental results were satisfactorily fitted by the proposed kinetic model.