Objective To describe the technique and evaluate the results of the isolated coronary artery bypass grafting or combined grafting procedures with mitral valve repair/replacement and/or left ventricle aneurysm repair performed through the single left anterior minithoracotomy. Methods Perioperative data of all patients, who required isolated or combined coronary grafting from July 2017 to December 2021 were observed. The focus was on 560 patients, who underwent isolated or combined multivessel coronary bypass using “Total Coronary Revascularization via left Anterior Thoracotomy” technique. Main perioperative outcomes were analysed. Results Left anterior minithoracotomy was used in 521 (97.7%) out of 533 patients, who required isolated multivessel surgical coronary revascularization, and in 39 (32.5%) out of 120 patients, who required combined procedures. In 39 patients multivessel grafting was combined with 25 mitral valve and 22 left ventricular procedures. Mitral valve repair was performed through the aneurysm (n = 8) or through the interatrial septum (n = 17). Perioperative outcomes in isolated and combined groups were next: aortic cross-clamp time - 71.9 (SD: 19.9) and 120 (SD: 25.8) min, cardiopulmonary bypass time - 145.7 (SD: 33.5) and 216 (SD: 45.8) min, total operation time - 269 (SD: 51.8) and 324 (SD: 52.1) min, intensive care stay – 2(2-2) and 2(2-2) days, total hospital stay – 6(5-7) and 6(5-7) days, total 30-days mortality was 0.54 and 0% respectively. Conclusion Left anterior minithoracotomy can be effectively used as a first-choice approach to perform isolated multivessel coronary grafting and combined with mitral valve and/or left ventricular repair. Experience with isolated coronary grafting through the anterior minithoracotomy is required to achieve the satisfactory results in combined procedures.

In this article, we have analyzed some recent publications in the French mass media that concern the issue of the historical development and the present state of the French orthography which is not without reason considered to be complicated. It is noted that when teaching French and French-speaking culture, the approach to problems related to the orthography should ultimately form in pupils and students not only the imperative for constant attention in the process of writing, but also an understanding of the modern linguistic and sociocultural reality: the French orthography is the result of certain linguistic, historical and political processes, a fact and an accomplishment of French-speaking civilization, a phenomenon that reflects a certain mentality and that deserves an unconditional respect, a friendly attitude and a willingness to accept the recommendations offered by scientists in the French-speaking world. It has been accentuated that it is desirable for pupils and students to get acquainted, in general or in depth, with the attitude of speakers of the French language and French-speaking culture – linguists, journalists, writers, artists, and educators in particular – to the specified problems. In the article the consequences of the French perception of the French language in general as a statebuilding factor and the orthography in particular as a cultural heritage that requires unconditional preservation under the French Academy have been highlighted. Some historical facts that caused the complexity of the French orthography have been given. The trends characterizing the situation in the formation of orthographic competence in the French school and the influence of orthographic competence on the professional career of the French have been specified. The factors contributing to the degradation of orthographic skills and the prospects for further reform of the French orthography have been analyzed. The possibilities of using dictation as the main means of formation and quality control of orthographic skills have been illustrated.

Іноземні мови № 3/2019 (99) МЕТОДИЧНА СКАРБНИЧКА вЧИТЕля / вИКлАДАЧА ІНОЗЕМНИХ МОв І КУлЬТУР УДК 811.133.1:[784.66:81'373+81'36(072)] Melnyk, Yevhenii, docteur en pédagogie, maître de conférences, professeur associé au département des langues étrangères, Faculté des relations internationales, Université nationale d'aviation, Kyïv, eugene_melnik@ukr.net JOE DASSIN, CHANTEUR DES PETITS PAINS AU CHOCOLAT La fiche pédagogique rend hommage à Joe Dassin et propose l'ensemble des activités consacrées à l'exploitation en classe de FLE (niveau A2) de sa chanson "Le petit pain au chocolat". Les activités visant à l'expression orale et la compréhension orale et écrite invitent les étudiants à aborder différents sujets (chanson francophone, parcours de vie du chanteur, apparences, sentiments, histoire d'amour, magasins, nourriture, cuisine) et organisent l'emploi actif et l'assimilation efficace du vocabulaire et de la grammaire (notamment des temps passés) en fonction des situations de communication.

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This work presents a group of activities based on the didactic materials dealing with issues related to space exploration in general and space tourism in particular. These activities aimed at developing receptive and productive skills allow students studying French at B2 level to consider a variety of topics (current and emerging environmental problems; the international community’s response to environmental challenges; negative consequences of space conquest), organize active use and efficient acquisition of thematic vocabulary, improve students’ ability to present and argue their own position.