The aim of this study was to test the effects of film mulching treatment on aroma components of pineapple fruits. In this present study, the pineapple fruits of treatment and control (open field) were harvested twice (in winter and summer, respectively) to detect the aroma components. The results indicated that esters and alkenes were the main aroma components of both treatment and control pineapple fruits. There were more kinds of esters with higher total relative contents detected in the treatment fruits both harvested in winter and summer. There were fewer kinds of alkenes with lower total relative contents detected in the treatment fruits harvested in summer. There were equal kinds of alkenes detected in both treatment and control fruits harvested in winter. But the total relative content of alkenes of treatment fruits harvested in winter was lower than that of control. There was one ester containing sulfur, propanoic acid, 3-(methylthio)-, methyl ester with relative content of 1.40%, detected in the treatment fruits harvested in winter. No ester containing sulfur was detected in the control fruits harvested in winter. In the treatment fruits harvested in summer, two esters containing sulfur, propanoic acid, 3-(methylthio)-, methyl ester (2.60%) and 3-(methylthio) propanoic acid ethyl ester (1.46%) were detected. There was only one ester containing sulfur, propanoic acid, 3-(methylthio)-, methyl ester (3.01%) was detected in the control fruits harvested in summer.

This study reports a protocol for leaf callus induction and suspension culture establishment in lychee cv. Huaizhi. The results showed that 12-day-old leaf explants cultured under a photoperiod of 16/8 h with their adaxial side touching the medium were the optimum conditions for leaf callus induction. Globular embryos were formed when the induced calli were kept on the callus induction medium without 2,4-D for 24 weeks. Friable calli were induced after 2-3 subcultures at 4 weeks intervals on the Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 3 mg/L IAA and 2 mg/L BAP. Suspension culture was established when these friable calli were subcultured six times in liquid callus induction medium.

Potassium (K+) is one of the most important macronutrients for plant growth and development. It is generally accepted that the KUP/HAK/KT transporters play essential roles in K+ uptake at low concentrations. However, their physiological functions in bananas remain unknown. Here, we cloned MaHAK5 and analyzed its functions in banana (Musa acuminata). Gene expression analysis showed that MaHAK5 was upregulated in the roots and leaves in the early stage of low K+ (LK) stress. MaHAK5 was localized in the cytomembrane. The expression of MaHAK5 improved the growth of the low K+-sensitive yeast mutant R5421 at different K+ supply levels. Overexpression of MaHAK5 in Arabidopsis thaliana significantly enhanced the ability for K+ uptake and increased the chlorophyll content under LK stress. These results indicate that MaHAK5 plays a crucial role in maintaining K+ uptake in bananas.

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