With the development of the times, the rational use of land has become the focus of social and economic development. In order to make more efficient use of land value, this study analyzes the spatial layout of urban and rural buildings under multicriteria constraints. From 2016 to 2021, the city showed a stable growth trend, and the growth rates of the three showed obvious correlation. In 2019, the average growth rate of machine learning algorithm is 46.6%, the average growth rate of decision tree algorithm is 48.2%, the average growth rate of cloud computing is 51.8%, and the average growth rate of this method is 52.5%. It can be seen that in these four ways, it is based on this reasonable land distribution system that has promoted the process of urban modernization. With the rapid economic growth, the scale of urban and rural construction land has expanded rapidly. Only when the experience and decision-making ideas of planning decision-makers are effectively applied to the process of land use spatial layout, a scientific land use spatial layout scheme can be obtained.