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This paper proposed a dual quasi-resonant controller position observer for conventional pulsating high frequency voltage injection method. The proposed position observer can not only improve the dynamic performance of the sensorless control, but can also compensate the position error fluctuation caused by the dead-time effect. To improve the dynamic performance, the digital bandpass filter in the traditional position observer used to extract high frequency current response is replaced by a quasi-resonant controller firstly. Moreover, an improved Luenberger observer without lowpass filter, which is usually used in traditional position observer to filter the noise in speed information, is adopted in the new position observer. Therefore, dynamic performances can be improved. Then, to reduce the sixth harmonic in the magnitude of position error and speed error caused by the dead-time effect, a frequency adaptive quasi-resonant controller is connected in parallel with the proportional-integral controller in the Luenberger observer. The experiment results verify that the proposed observer can reduce the position estimation error not only in steady state operation conditions, but in variable speed and variable load conditions, and the speed variation range can be widened as well.

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A flux switching permanent magnet (FSPM) motor is designed and optimized in this paper to achieve high torque density and expanded speed regulation range from a design viewpoint of pole-changing (PC). Based on the field modulation theory, the PM field in the FSPM motor is modulated by the stator and rotor teeth, generating rich harmonics with different pole-pair numbers in the air-gap flux density. By adopting an appropriate slot pole combination, working harmonics with different slot pitch angles are obtained to establish a basic of the PC-FSPM motor. Then, different working harmonics can be used to achieve different energy conversions with different winding configurations, so the PC operation can be performed to realize the high torque and wide speed regulation range by switching the working modes. Based on the field modulation theory, the operation principle of conventional and PC-FSPM motors are analyzed and compared. Then, according to the design principle of PC-FSPM motor, a 24/22-pole PC-FSPM motor with E-core is designed and optimized by a multi-level optimization method. Finally, the electromagnetic performances are analyzed by finite element analysis and the test results of the prototype verified the feasibility of the motor.