Using a large consortium of undergraduate students in an organized program at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), we have undertaken a functional genomic screen in the Drosophila eye. In addition to the educational value of discovery-based learning, this article presents the first comprehensive genomewide analysis of essential genes involved in eye development. The data reveal the surprising result that the X chromosome has almost twice the frequency of essential genes involved in eye development as that found on the autosomes.

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In this paper, a fifth-order Hermite weighted essentially non-oscillatory (HWENO) scheme with artificial linear weights is proposed for one and two dimensional hyperbolic conservation laws, where the zeroth-order and the first-order moments are used in the spatial reconstruction. We construct the HWENO methodology using a nonlinear convex combination of a high degree polynomial with several low degree polynomials, and the associated linear weights can be any artificial positive numbers with only requirement that their summation equals one.The one advantage of the HWENO scheme is its simplicity and easy extension to multidimension in engineering applications for we can use any artificial linear weights which are independent on geometry of mesh. The another advantage is its higher order numerical accuracy using less candidate stencils for two dimensional problems. In addition, the HWENO scheme still keeps the compactness as only immediate neighbor information is needed in the reconstruction and has high efficiency for directly using linear approximation in the smooth regions. In order to avoid nonphysical oscillations nearby strong shocks or contact discontinuities, we adopt the thought of limiter for discontinuous Galerkin method to control the spurious oscillations. Some benchmark numerical tests are performed to demonstrate the capability of the proposed scheme.

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