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Background This study describes an AIDS patient with central nervous systems tuberculosis, and cytomegalovirus infection who experienced immune reconstitution inflammatory syndromes associated to cytomegalovirus encephalitis and pulmonary tuberculosis while receiving antiretroviral therapy. Case presentation A 59-year-old male with fever of unknown origin with dizziness, fatigue, loss of appetite, fear of cold, occasional babbling during fever, and paroxysmal cough as the main symptoms three days was referred to our hospital Cerebrospinal fluid examination showed a cytomegaloviral load of 3.4×103 copies/ml and a positive mycobacterium tuberculosis recombination test. Cerebrospinal fluid gene X-pert MTB/RIF test showed mycobacterium tuberculosis infection without rifampicin resistance. Anti-tuberculosis treatment and anti-cytomegalovirus therapy were administered, and clinical and laboratory abnormalities were improved. The patient's CD4+ T lymphocyte count was 70 cells/μl, and antiretroviral therapy was started 24 days after the start of anti-tuberculosis treatment. Clinical symptoms reappeared on day 33 after antiretroviral therapy treatment. Relapsing - immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome was considered as the most likely diagnosis. After the addition of a small amount of dexamethasone to continue anti-tuberculosis and anti-cytomegalovirus therapy, the patient's symptoms disappeared and imaging was reduced in scope. There was no recurrence of clinical symptoms at 2 years of outpatient follow-up. Conclusion It is important to take aware of the emergence of multiple infections and the associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in AIDS. Once the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome manifests, a proper diagnosis and continual of treatment are imperative to the patient's recovery.

A patient with primary skeletal muscle lymphoma underwent plain and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and a pathologic diagnosis was made. The affected muscles were diffusely swollen, with recognizable outlines and clear borders. Contrast-enhanced CT showed mild-to-moderate enhancement, and the spaces surrounding the muscle and subcutaneous fat were narrowed and blurred. Primary skeletal muscle lymphoma is relatively rare and not very specific in its imaging manifestations. The final diagnosis depends on a biopsy of the lesion and immunohistochemistry.

Background: In December 2019, a cluster of patients with pneumonia of unknown cause was linked to a seafood wholesale market in Wuhan, China. A novel coronavirus was detected, capable of infecting humans, on 6 January 2020 and termed COVID-19. By 16 February 2020, there were 51857 confirmed cases with 2019-nCoV (COVID-19) pneumonia in 25 countries. COVID-19 can also lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods: 149 patients with 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19)pneumonia(68 males, 81 females, ages 1-89)from 6 research centers in China were diagnosed with positive 2019 Novel Coronavirus(COVID-19)nucleic acids antibodies. And their high-resolution computed tomography(HRCT) imaging datas were evaluated.Results: 136/149(91.3%)patients had a clear history of exposure to Wuhan. Fever (122/149, 81.9%)and cough(83/149, 55.7%)were the most common symptoms. The main imaging characteristics within 4 days of onset included 30(20.13%) cases of pure ground glass opacities (P<0.05), 38(25.50%) cases of GGO with reticulation(P<0.01), 12(8.05%) cases of consolidation(P<0.01). In the 5-8 days group, the main imaging features included 71(47.65%) cases of pGGO(P<0.05), 69(46.31%) cases of GGO with reticulation(P<0.01). In the 9-12 days group, the main feature was 85(57.04%) cases with GGO with reticulation(P<0.01). In the group of 13-16 days group, the main imaging characteristics included 48(32.21%) cases of GGO with reticulation(P < 0.01), 34(22.82%) cases of consolidation(P<0.01).Conclusion: Patients infected with COVID-19 pneumonia show more chest CT characteristics within 5-8 days after the onset of disease. The main manifestations included pGGO, GGO with reticulation, consolidation and GGO with consolidation.