Despite advances in its treatment, patients diagnosed with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have a poor prognosis. The mechanism of cuproptosis has been found to differ from other mechanisms that regulate cell death, including apoptosis, iron poisoning, pyrophosphate poisoning, and necrosis. Cuproptosis is an essential component in the regulation of a wide variety of biological processes, such as cell wall remodeling and oxidative stress responses. However, cuproptosis-related genes’ expression in ccRCC patients and their association with the patient’s prognosis remain ambiguous. Evaluation of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) identified 11 genes associated with cuproptosis that were differently expressed in ccRCC and nearby nontumor tissue. To construct a multigene prognostic model, the prognostic value of 11 genes was assessed and quantified. A signature was constructed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression analysis, and this signature was used to separate ccRCC patients into different risk clusters, with low-risk patients having a much better prognosis. This five-gene signature, when combined with patients’ clinical characteristics, might serve as one independent predictor of overall survival (OS) in ccRCC patients. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis demonstrated that cuproptosis-related genes were enriched in patients with ccRCC. Then, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was employed to verify these genes’ expression. Generally, research has indicated that cuproptosis-related genes are important in tumor immunity and can predict OS of ccRCC patients.

We demonstrate a Faraday laser at Cs-D2 resonance line 852 nm using a Cs Faraday optical filter as frequency-selecting element. In contrast to typical diode laser with high stability of the emission frequency by additional control systems, our Faraday laser offers stable output frequency exactly set by the peak transmission frequency of the Cs 852 nm Faraday optical filter. The system works stably over a range of laser diode (LD) current from 60 to 130 mA and the LD temperature from 14 to 35 • C, as well as the 48-h wavelength fluctuation range of no more than ± 2 p.m. A most probable linewidth of 17 kHz with Lorentz fitting is obtained by beating between two identical laser systems. The wavelength of our system is stabilized within transmission frequency region of 852 nm Faraday optical filter, and the peak of the transmission is corresponding to Cs atomic Doppler broadened line at the cell temperature of 41 • C and the magnetic field of 330 G, making it suitable for laser-pumped Cs gas-cell and atomic beam frequency standard, etc. Moreover, this scheme is firstly used on Cs atom, opening new doors in research of Faraday laser and its applications.

This research investigates the application of high-frequency ultrasound (US) examination and US-guided fine-needle aspiration (US-FNA) in diagnosing low-volume metastatic lateral lymph nodes (LLNs) from papillary thyroid carcinoma patients. This study reviewed the medical records of 996 LLNs from 858 patients with suspicious thyroid nodules or after thyroidectomy from January 2013 to January 2016. All patients took US-FNA. The US characteristics and the malignancy rate of LLNs classified into group A and group B based on size were analyzed and compared (group A, ≥6 mm; group B, <6 mm). Size was not an independent predictor for malignancy (P > 0.005) in multiple regression analysis, whereas the malignancy rate in the large LLNs (286/425; 67.3%) was slightly higher than that in the small LLNs (338/571; 59.2%) (P = 0.01). However, no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of calcification, absence of hilum, and peripheral vascularization. The prevalence of malignant LLNs was slightly higher in the small LLNs than that in the large ones when there were less than 3 suspicious US features (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the small and large LLNs when there were 3 or more suspicious US features (P > 0.05). The results indicate that metastases may occur in the lymph nodes even when they were small. Ultrasound and US-FNA showed excellent performance in the diagnosis of low-volume metastatic lateral lymph nodes from papillary thyroid carcinoma patients.

BackgroundTo compare the sampling adequacy and diagnostic efficiency of ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration with 22-, 25-gauge needles and capillary sampling with 22-gauge needle in the biopsy of cervical lymph node.MethodsA total of 130 cervical lymph nodes from 103 patients were consecutively included in the prospective study. Each suspected lymph node was aspirated with a 22-gauge needle, capillary sampled with a 22-gauge needle and aspirated with a 25-gauge needle. The adequacy rates and nondiagnostic rates of obtained specimen were calculated.ResultsOf the 130 suspected lymph nodes, there were 77 lymph nodes&lt;6.0 mm and 53 lymph nodes≥6.0mm in the smallest dimension. Both FNA22G and FNC22G got significantly higher sampling adequacy than FNA25G for the total lymph nodes. For lymph nodes&lt;6.0 mm, the sampling adequacy was significantly higher with FNA22G than with FNA25G for each parameter and the cumulative score (all P&lt;0.05), while no difference were seen between FNA22G and FNC22G, and between FNC22G and FNA25G. There were higher nondiagnostic rates for FNA25G compared with FNA22G and FNC22G in all lymph nodes and in each size subgroups. FNA25G yielded more diagnostically inadequate specimens than FNA22G and FNC22G did in the total lymph nodes (P=0.002), in lymph nodes&lt;6.0 mm (P=0.014), and in those ≥ 6.0 mm (P=0.000).ConclusionsFNA22G and FNC22G obtained more diagnostically adequate specimens than FNA25G in cervical lymph nodes. FNA22G and FNC22G may be more suitable than FNA25G in diagnosing cervical lymph nodes. FNA22G and FNC22G may yield specimens with similar quality.