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Dye sensitization of the single crystal anatase (101) surface was studied using a structurally similar series of dicarboxylated thiacyanine dyes that bind to the oxide surface through their carboxylate groups. An ultraviolet (UV) light treatment of the anatase (101) surfaces, immediately prior to dye adsorption, improved both the reproducibility of dye coverage and the incident photon-to-current efficiencies (IPCE) for sensitization. The UV treatment does not pit or roughen the anatase surface and results in high IPCEs of more than 1% in some cases and absorbed photon current efficiencies (APCE) from 5 to 100%. The photocurrent spectra showed features associated with surface-bound dye monomers and H-dimers that could be followed as a function of the dye surface coverage. Models for the surface structures of the adsorbed dye layers that are consistent with the measurements are presented, along with a discussion of adsorption isotherms.

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International audiencePassive radars using illuminators of opportunity have attracted much attention in the international radar community. One existing radio transmission system that may be utilised for this purpose is the Global System for Mobile communication (GSM). This paper presents a study showing the feasibility of using a GSM signal for passive radar. The analysis of the GSM waveform, and any significance or influence it has with respect to the passive radar design considerations are investigated in detail. The paper describes fully the design and implementation of a low-cost GSM-based passive radar prototype in addition to the associated signal processing scheme. Numerous measurements for various ground-moving targets were investigated extensively. The preliminary processing results demonstrate the feasibility of using GSM signals as a radar waveform and have the potential capability to detect and track different types of ground-moving target