This study investigates the independent and combined effect of vascular epithelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin 1 (Ang-1) on the follicle survival and vasculogenesis of cryopreserved human ovarian grafts in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. Cryopreserved human ovarian tissue was transplanted into the thigh of SCID mice with treatment of VEGF, Ang-1, or combination at the site of transplantation. Number of follicles, morphology change, follicle apoptosis, micro-vessel density (MVD), and expression of follicle development related genes were assessed in each transplanted ovarian group of SCID mice. VEGF and Ang-1 treatments increased functional follicles and MVD value, reduced the level of follicle apoptosis, and modulated expression of ovarian development related genes and FSH level. Synergistic effect of VEGF and Ang-1 on follicle survival was significantly stronger than treatment alone. In conclusion, treatment of VEGF and Ang-1 significantly improved the survival of follicles and vasculogenesis of transplanted human ovarian tissue in SCID mice.

For women of reproductive age with cervical carcinoma, they usually receive not only standard surgical treatment but also postoperative radiotherapy to increase the cure rates. However, infertility and premature ovarian failure are often occurred after radiotherapy. Autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue is a new technique for preserving gonadal function for cervical cancer patients of reproductive age. Here, a successful ovarian function recovery through cryopreservation and autotransplantation in a case of 28-year-old patient with cervical cancer was reported. In brief, a slow-programmed freezing/thawing method was conducted for ovarian cortex cryopreservation. Six thawed ovarian cortical slices were transplanted to the left upper arm after the radiotherapy. The ovarian endocrine functions and follicle growth was successfully improved to normal level at 12 months after autotransplantation. In conclusion, autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian cortex for ovarian function preservation is a viable option for cervical cancer patients to gain the quality of life and avoid the suffering from conventional menopause hormone therapy.[17,18]. Therefore, this study chose slow-freezing for cryopreservation of ovarian tissue.In this study, we reported a successful experience of the ovarian function recovery after radiotherapy using slow freezing/thawing method for ovarian cortex cryopreservation in a 28-year-old cervical cancer patient. Several parameters such as follicle development, level of serum estrogen 2 (E 2 ), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) after transplantation were observed and recorded for evaluating the recovery of ovarian function in a follow-up of 21 months. Materials and Methods Patient recruitmentA 28-year-old woman with cervical cancer was referred to the Department of Gynecology at the Shenzhen People's Hospital in June 2013. Her weight was 49.5 kg and the blood pressure was 92/60 mmHg at the time of determination. Her medical history revealed 1 uncomplicated pregnancy. She had irregular post-coital bleeding without the use of oral contraceptives during the last year. During the last 2 months, she had symptoms of irregular vaginal blood loss and menstruation endless dripping. MRI examination showed a cervical