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The purpose of this paper is to reach the optimal active and reactive power operation of multiple dispersed resources consisting of mobile energy storage system (MESS), demand response (DR) and photovoltaic (PV), for flexibility improvement of distribution network with uncertain PV and DR, minimization of power loss and operation cost whilst satisfaction of both power factor and voltage variation requirement. Especially, the flexibility aspect of distribution network is focused due to its significance for supporting economic operation without voltage rise issue during high PVs integration. Firstly, the active and reactive power operation spaces of MESS and PV inverter are discussed under power factor constraint. Then, the stochastic characteristics of PV generation and DR of microgrids are investigated using probability distribution. After that, the optimization framework coordination with dispersed MESS, PV inverter and DR to ensure operational flexibility of distribution network is proposed. Finally, the total cost minimization based flexibility improvement approach is presented by optimizing power loss, uncertain risk, operation cost of distribution network and MESS, satisfying operation constraints of both distribution network and dispersed resources. Simulation results conducted on the IEEE 69-bus system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for PV accommodation, voltage quality improvement as well as peak load shaving.

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This article introduces the classification and composition of Grid-connected Photovoltaic Power System, and the research status of its nonlinear behavior. In the Photovoltaic Power System, photovoltaic array, DC/DC converter, DC/AC inverter and nonlinear load will appear lots of nonlinear dynamic behavior such as bifurcation and chaos phenomena. The paper elaborates the DC/DC converter and DC/AC inverter in the Photovoltaic Power System, and analyses their nonlinear phenomena.