Helium, a minor component of natural gas and radioactive minerals, is most commonly used as a carrier in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Its scarcity leads to limited availability and higher costs. In this experiment, hydrogen from a safe source of a hydrogen generator was tested as a substitutive carrier gas for the detection of adulterant in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and food supplements by GC-MS analysis. We found that the limits of detection (LODs) of using hydrogen were from 10 to 1000 μg/g. The levels of LODs tested among 170 drugs remain the same whether hydrogen or helium was used as a carrier gas with the exception of 7 drugs—benzbromarone, estradiol benzoate, bezafibrate, mefenamic acid, oxymetholone, piperidenafil and cetilistat. The real sample analysis results using hydrogen were as satisfactory as those using helium. In addition, the retention time was shortened after the chromatographic performance was optimized. In summary, it is worth considering hydrogen as a carrier gas due to its affordable costs, energy efficiency, carbon reduction and chromatographic advantages to detect adulterated drugs in TCM and dietary supplement using GC-MS.

In order to obtain adequate water resources, the decision to build water reservoirs is unavoidable. However, the large amount of sand and rocks washed out from upstream shortens the lifespan of the water reservoirs. Therefore, the sediment needs to be cleared away to prolong the lifespan of the reservoirs, secure the water storage in the water reservoirs and improve their efficiency to achieve the best economic benefits. This research aimed to discuss the reasons for geographical and environmental change, as well as natural ecological destruction due to construction of water reservoirs. The findings could serve as a reference to further ecological engineering projects to restore ecological and geographical conditions, and to improve the land degradation situation caused by the construction of water reservoirs.

The rapid development of land resources and the sharp growth in demand for land have resulted in land degradation. Therefore, the reclamation, planning and management of such areas, including plans for implementing corresponding measures, are a very important topic at present. Located in the Yangmingshan National Park, the Dayoukeng disused mining area has craters created by volcanic activities and hot springs, and it was once the mining centerpiece of Taiwan. In addition to related literature review and field investigation as well as discussions on the operational procedures of ecological planning methods, this research carried out studies on landscape reclamation cases at home and abroad. Afterward, this research analyzed the land fitness of the Dayoukeng area based on landscape conservation principles. Finally, according to the analysis results, this research proposed land reuse planning principles and concept planning for the landscape reclamation and reuse. Meanwhile, the author expects to build up the experience of this case's research to serve as a reference to the reuse planning of disused mining areas in the future.