Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMB) have been regarded as an alternative to lithium‐based batteries because of their abundant elemental resource, high theoretical volumetric capacity, and multi‐electron redox reaction without the dendrite formation of magnesium metal anode. However, their development is impeded by their poor electrode/electrolyte compatibility and the strong Coulombic effect of the multivalent Mg2+ ions in cathode materials. Herein, copper sulfide material is developed as a high‐energy cathode for RMBs with a non‐corrosive Mg‐ion electrolyte. Given the benefit of its optimized interlayer structure, good compatibility with the electrolyte, and enhanced surface area, the as‐prepared copper sulfide cathode exhibits unprecedented electrochemical Mg‐ion storage properties, with the highest specific capacity of 477 mAh g−1 and gravimetric energy density of 415 Wh kg−1 at 50 mA g−1, among the reported cathode materials of metal oxides, metal chalcogenides, and polyanion‐type compounds for RMBs. Notably, an impressive long‐term cycling performance with a stable capacity of 111 mAh g−1 at 1 C (560 mA g−1) is achieved over 1000 cycles. The results of the present study offer an avenue for designing high‐performance cathode materials for RMBs and other multivalent batteries.
An efficient and robust bimetallic catalyst has been developed for the transfer hydrogenation of biomass derived ethyl levulinate to γ-valerolactone with 2-butanol as the hydrogen donor. Several bimetallic catalysts were prepared and characterized by Brunauer−Emmett−Teller, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray power diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry. They exhibited different catalytic activities in the catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) reaction. Results showed that 10Cu-5Ni/Al 2 O 3 had the highest activity, providing a 97% yield of GVL product in 12 h at 150 °C. The reaction temperature, reaction time and catalyst loading were also investigated and found to affect the product yield. The catalyst was also successfully applied to the CTH of various levulinate esters with different secondary alcohols. Comparing experiments between Cu−Ni and Cu catalysts and the poisoning experiments revealed that the introduction of Ni to Cu remarkably enhanced the catalyst's activity and stability, showing an outstanding recycling ability in the 10 runs recycling experiments without notable loss in the activity.
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