Background. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a new inflammatory marker; the relationship between NLR and adverse cardiovascular (CV) prognosis has been gradually emphasized in the general population. However, their association in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients remains unclear. Methods. From January 1, 2010, to May 31, 2017, a total of 1652 patients were recruited. NLR was categorized in triplicates: NLR≤2.74, 2.74<NLR≤3.96, and NLR>3.96. Kaplan-Meier cumulative incidence curve and multivariable COX regression analysis were used to determine the relationship between NLR and the incidence of adverse CV outcome, while a competitive risk model was applied to assess the effects of other outcomes on adverse CV prognosis. Besides, forest plot was investigated to analyze the adverse CV prognosis in different subgroups. Results. During follow-up, 213 new-onset CV events and 153 CV disease (CVD) deaths were recorded. Multivariable COX regression models showed that the highest tertile of NLR level was associated with increased risk of CV events (HR=1.39, 95%CI=1.01‐1.93, P=0.046) and CVD mortality (HR=1.81, 95%CI=1.22‐2.69, P=0.003), while compared to the lowest tertile. Competitive risk models showed that the differences in CV event (P<0.001) and CVD mortality (P=0.004) among different NLR groups were still significant while excluding the effects of other outcomes. In subgroups, with each 1 increased in the NLR level, adjusted HR of new-onset CV event was 2.02 (95%CI=1.26−3.23, P=0.003) and CVD mortality was 2.98 (95%CI=1.58−5.62, P=0.001) in the younger group (age<60 years). Conclusions. NLR is an independent risk factor for adverse CV prognosis in PD patients younger than 60 years old.

Background. Although mean platelet volume (MPV) appears to be associated with poor outcome of pneumonia, the relationship between MPV and in-hospital mortality is unclear in severe pneumonia (SP) patients. Methods. In this retrospective cohort study, 115 SP patients from June 1st, 2016, to September 29th, 2019, were included and divided into two groups. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was performed to assess the predictive ability for in-hospital mortality. Kaplan-Meier cumulative incidence curves were applied to observe the incidence of mortality. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the hazard ratios (HRs). Besides, a formal test for interaction was investigated to analyze the relationship between MPV and sex. Results. During the course of hospitalization, 63 cases of mortality were recorded. ROC analysis suggested that MPV had a modest power for predicting in-hospital mortality (AUC=0.723, 95% CI: 0.628-0.818, P<0.001). Yet the cutoff value of MPV was 10.5 (sensitivity=73.02%; specificity=73.08%). Compared to the low-MPV group, the high-MPV group had significantly increased in-hospital mortality (log-rank test=13.501, P<0.001), while the adjusted Cox model indicated that the high-MPV group was associated with an elevated risk of in-hospital mortality (HR: 2.267, 95% CI: 1.166-4.406, P=0.016). Moreover, analyses of in-hospital mortality suggested a significant interaction between optimal MPV level and sex (P=0.011). In a multivariate Cox model which included females only, a high MPV level was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality (HR: 11.387, 95% CI: 1.767-73.380, P=0.011). Conclusion. High MPV level is an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality in patients with SP.

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