There is a paucity of data related to sports injuries, concussions, and computerized neurocognitive testing (CNT) among very young athletes playing sports in recreational settings. The purpose of this study was to report baseline CNT results among male and female children, ages 5–11, playing sports in Hillsborough County, Florida using ImPACT Pediatric, which is specifically designed for this population. Data were collected from 2016 to 2017. The results show that 657 baseline tests were conducted and t-tests and linear regression were used to assess mean significant differences in composite scores with sex and age. Results showed that females scored better on visual memory and in general as age increased, baseline scores improved. The results can be used to build further studies on the use of CNT in recreational settings and their role in concussion treatment, management, and interventions.

BackgroundAlthough physical activities promote positive physical, intellectual and social development, children and adolescents who participate in sports activities are exposed to various injury risks. Previous research on sports injuries has largely focused on high school and collegiate athletes. Incidence data for younger athletes is needed to develop prevention strategies.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to identify the injury rates and related mechanisms among 5–11 year-old athletes who played sports in recreational leagues.MethodsA total of 1511 athletes ages 5–11 playing football, soccer, baseball and softball at a large athletic facility in Hillsborough County, Florida participated in our research. One certified athletic trainer (ATC) used Reporting Information Online (RIO) to collect data on athletic exposures and injuries weekly during the 2016–2017 season.ResultsDuring the sports season, 18 injuries occurred in practices or competitions. Football had the leading rate of injuries for both competitions and practices (1.18 and 0.68, per 1000 athlete-exposures respectively). Most injuries occurred during competition (66.7%) and the leading types of injuries were concussions (22.2%) and fractures (22.2%). The leading injury mechanisms were contact with another person (33.3%) and playing apparatus (33.3%). Most injuries were new (88.9%). All injuries were initially assessed by the onsite ATC and managed by general physicians-pediatricians (55.6%) and/or the ATC (22.2%).ConclusionsThe results of our study show that injuries do occur in these young athletes who play sports outside of school settings. It is advantageous to have ATCs on site for initial injury evaluation and post injury management. Future studies should include additional venues to allow for assessment of a greater number of athletes and additional sports.

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Summary Introduction Caustic ingestion, whether intentional or unintentional, may result in significant morbidity. Our aim was to provide an estimate of the incidence and outcomes of caustic ingestion among emergency department (ED) visits across the United States. Methods The Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS) is part of the family of databases developed for the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project. We analyzed NEDS for the period 2010–2014. Adults (≥18 years of age) with a diagnosis of caustic ingestion were identified by ICD-9 codes. The weighted frequencies and proportions of caustic ingestion-related ED visits by demographic characteristics and disposition status were examined. A weighted multivariable logistic regression model was performed to examine factors associated with inpatient admission for caustic ingestion-related visits. Results From 2010 to 2014, there were 40,844 weighted adult ED visits related to caustic ingestion among 533.8 million visits (7.65/100,000, 95% CI 7.58/100,000–7.73/100,000), resulting in over $47 million in annual cost. Among ED visits related to caustic ingestion, 28% had comorbid mental and substance use disorders. Local and systemic complications were rare. There was significant regional, gender, and insurance variability in the decision as to perform endoscopy. Males, insured patients, patients domiciled in the Southeast region of the United States, and patients with mental or substance use disorders had significantly higher percentages of receiving endoscopic procedures. Overall, 6,664 (16.27%) visits resulted in admission to the same hospital and 1,063 (2.60%) visits resulted in transfer to another hospital or facility. The risk factors for admission were increasing in age, male gender, local or systemic complications related to caustic ingestion, and comorbid mental and substance use disorders. A total of 161 (0.39%) patients died related to caustic ingestion. Conclusion Our results from NEDS provide national estimates on the incidence of caustic ingestions involving adults seen in US EDs. Further studies are needed to examine the standard management of caustic ingestion and investigate the factors causing variability of esophagogastroduodenoscopy performance and caustic ingestion care.