Reliable online transient stability assessment (TSA) is fundamentally required for power system operation security. Compared with time-costly classical digital simulation methods, data-driven deep learning (DL) methods provide a promising technique to build a TSA model. However, general DL models show poor adaptability to the variation of power system topology. In this paper, we propose a new graphbased framework, which is termed as recurrent graph convolutional network based multi-task TSA (RGCN-MT-TSA). Both the graph convolutional network (GCN) and the long short-term memory (LSTM) unit are aggregated to form the recurrent graph convolutional network (RGCN), where the GCN explicitly integrate the bus (node) states with the topological characteristics while the LSTM subsequently captures the temporal features. We also propose a multi-task learning (MTL) scheme, which provides joint training of stability classification (Task-1) as well as critical generator identification (Task-2) in the framework, and accelerate the process with parallel computing. Test results on IEEE 39 Bus system and IEEE 300 Bus system indicate the superiority of the proposed scheme over existing models, as well as its robustness under various scenarios. INDEX TERMS Deep graph-based learning, transient stability assessment (TSA), graph convolutional network (GCN), recurrent graph convolutional network (RGCN), multi-task learning (MTL).

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