Wounds are an extremely common reason for consultation in emergency departments. They mostly result from traffic accidents but also of different traumatisms. Their healing is possible thanks to a natural, spontaneous and coordinated process set up by the body. This process can be accelerated by the use of synthetic, biosynthetic or natural healing agents. Indeed, many medicinal plants are endowed with healing properties such as Diospyros hoyleana F. White, whose leaves help in the management of wounds. The present study consists in carrying out a phytochemical screening, evaluating the acute toxicity (oral and cutaneous) and determining the healing activity of the aqueous extract of Diospyros hoyleana leaves in comparison with that of BIAFINE®. A phytochemical screening was carried out in order to highlight the presence of secondary metabolites responsible for the healing activity. Acute oral and cutaneous toxicity tests were carried out on different batches of rats. Subsequently, the evaluation of the healing activity by induction of traumatic lesions on batches of rats was made. The evolution of wounds of the different batches was compared on the one hand by calibrated photography and on the other hand by histological analysis. At the end of this study, the results show that the aqueous extract of Diospyros hoyleana leaves has a healing activity with a healing profile at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg similar to that of BIAFINE. The aqueous extract of Diospyros hoyleana leaves has healing activity with a healing profile similar to that of trolamine at doses of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. Flavonoids or tannins could be responsible for this activity.

Introduction: A cross sectional study was carry out on the necessity of creating a poison control center in Cameroon, by evaluating the knowledge and perception of health care professionals in the Laquintinie hospital and the Bonassama District hospital in Douala, based on a 2 years (2014 to 2015) record files reviewed of poison victims.

The main aim of this study was to determine the quality of vegetable oils consumed by the population in Yaoundé. The study was carried out on 14 vegetable oils sampled following a survey. The antioxidant potentials of these oils were analyzed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, FRAP total antioxidant capacity. The concentrations of some heavy metals (Pb, Cu, and Fe) were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry after acid digestion. The acid and peroxide values were assessed using methods described by the Cameroonian standard on vegetable oils. The sample included 8 brands of which, 5 of refined palm oil, 4 of soybean oil, 1 brand of cottonseed oil, sunflower oil, and cold extracted olive oil, red palm oil bleached palm oil each. The antioxidant activity showed a good correlation, with red palm oil having the greatest antioxidant potential and bleached palm oil having the least antioxidant potential. The Pb, Cu, and Fe contents had the following conformities: 71.4%, 100% respectively. For the acid and peroxide values, we found 50% and 21.4%, respectively. Six of the fourteen (42.9%) analyzed oils contained less than 33 IU/g vitamin A. These results highlight the poor quality of the oils consumed in Yaoundé.

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The study aimed at evaluating the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory potential of extracts of endophytic bacteria isolated from Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P. H. Raven (Onagraceae). Isolation of endophytic bacteria was done on supplemented and non-supplemented nutrient agar. The extracts of these endophytes were obtained after fermentation in Mueller-Hinton Broth (MHB). The inhibitory effect on the alpha-glucosidase enzyme of the extracts of endophytic bacteria was determined in the presence of starch and sucrose at 6 mg/mL at 37°C and by measuring the absorbance at 517 nm. Nineteen endophytic bacteria were isolated from the leaves, stems, roots, flowers, fruits and twigs of L. octovalvis. The extracts obtained from these endophytic bacteria all showed an alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect. The S4155 extract showed less than 50% enzyme inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 163.98 μg/mL. Endophyte bacteria associated with L. octovalvis provided a source of bioactive compounds that can prevent or reduce the prevalence of diabetes.