Commercially available LiO was proposed as a cathode additive in commercialized LiNiCoMnO (NCM) cathodes to offset the initial Li loss. LiO can be decomposed substantially under catalysis of NCM and leaves almost no remnants after the Li compensation.

A robust silicon electrode for lithium-ion battery has been developed via prepolymerizing dopamine on silicon particle surface and then chemical binding with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). In this favorable electrode, silicon nanoparticles are covered by a thin layer of polydopamine (PD) through firm hydrogen bonds between phenolic hydroxyl and hydroxyl, while the elastic polymer layer reacts with PAA binder to form three-dimensional cross-linked binding system. The Si@PD/PAA electrode exhibits more stable cycle performance than conventional electrodes. In the case of thick electrode, a capacity of 3.69 mA h cm(-2) and fairly good rechargeability for 80 cycles can be achieved.

Natural karaya gum (KG), composed of multi-branched polysaccharides and glycoproteins, is proposed as a binder for high-performance silicon-based anodes.

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Nano/micro-structured pSi and pSi/CNT particles were synthesized from nano-SiO2 as both a template and silicon precursor via a combination of spray drying and magnesiothermic reduction, followed by a nano-layer carbon coating by chemical vapor deposition to obtain a nano/micro-structured pSi/C and pSi/CNT/C composite. In the hierarchical microstructure of the pSi/CNT/C composite, Si nanoparticles less than 20 nm in size were homogenously dispersed in an electronically conductive and porous network of multiwall carbon nanotubes, which can accommodate the volume changes in Si and improve the structural and conductive stability during repeated cycles leading to excellent electrochemical performance. The pSi/CNT/C presented reversible capacities of ca. 2100 mA h g(-1) at 1 A g(-1) and ca. 1370 mA h g(-1) at a high current rate of 5 A g(-1). Its capacity retention after 100 cycles was 95.5% at 1 A g(-1).