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Photoaging is not only the main cause of skin aging caused by exogenous factors, it is also related to a variety of skin diseases and even malignant tumors. Excessive and repeated exposure to ultraviolet radiation, especially UVA induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, inflammation, and collagen and elastin degeneration, ultimately leads to skin photoaging, manifested by skin redness, coarse wrinkles, and pigmentation even skin cancer. There has been a large demand of effective prevention and medications but approaches in the current management of photoaging are very limited. In the previous study, we found that a non-coding circular RNA circ_0011129 acts as a miR-6732-5p adsorption sponge to inhibit the reduction of type I collagen and the denaturation and accumulation of elastin in UVA-induced HDF cells photoaging model. However, in vivo instability and efficient delivery to the target cell of circRNA is a major challenge for its clinical application. Therefore, improving its stability and delivery efficiency are desired. In this study, we proposed a strategy of delivering circ_0011129 with small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) to intervene in the photoaging process. The results showed that sEVs from hADSCs in 3D bioreactor culture (3D-sEVs) can prevent photoaging. Consequently, by overexpressing circ_0011129 in hADSCs, we successfully loaded it into 3D-sEVs (3D-circ-sEVs) and its protective effect was better. Our studies provide a novel approach to preventing skin photoaging, which has important clinical significance and application value for the development of non-coding RNA drugs to treat skin photoaging. We first screened out hADSCs-derived sEVs with excellent anti-oxidant effects. We then compared the sEVs collected from traditional 2D culture with 3D bioreactor culture. By miRNA-seq and GEO data analysis, we found that miRNAs in 3D-sEVs were enriched in cell activities related to apoptosis, cellular senescence, and inflammation. Subsequently, we prepared circ_0011129-loaded 3D-sEVs (3D-circ-sEVs) by overexpressing it in hADSCs for the treatment of photoaging in vitro. We proved that 3D-circ-sEVs can interfere with the process of cell photoaging and protect cells from UVA radiation damage, as well as in a H2O2-induced oxidative stress model.

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Summary Effects of a novel category of hydrocolloid (Bacterial cellulose, BC) on physicochemical and fermentation properties of frozen dough were studied to address the reduction in baking performance due to refrigeration. The addition of BC reduced free thiol content and inhibited the de‐polymerisation degree of glutenin macropolymers, resulting in enhanced emulsifying activities of frozen dough, when the amount was added up to 0.1 g 100 g−1of wheat flour (dry basis). Further supplement hurt these attributes due to competition for water molecules. However, increasing the addition of BC significantly enhanced its protective effect on yeast activity, which in turn improved the fermentation properties of frozen dough. After 8 weeks of storage at −18 °C, 31% of yeast survived in with the protection of BC. When BC was added at a ratio of 0.1 g 100 g−1 of wheat flour, the improved frozen dough showed maximum volume of gas which was 2.7 times higher than that of the control after 3 h of fermentation. Baking performances confirmed the effect of BC as bread crumbs containing intermediate addition of BC rose optimally during proofing and baking, which contributed to the higher specific volume, less firm and more tender crumb texture of bread. These results suggested that BC might act as an effective additive to improve the shelf‐life stability of frozen food during long periods of frozen storage.