BackgroundPyroptosis is a new programmed cell death discovered in recent years. Pyroptosis plays an important role in various diseases. Nevertheless, there are few bibliometric analysis systematically studies this field. We aimed to visualize the research hotspots and trends of pyroptosis using a bibliometric analysis to help understand the future development of basic and clinical research.MethodsThe articles and reviews regarding pyroptosis were culled from Web of Science Core Collection. Countries, institutions, authors, references and keywords in this field were visually analyzed by using CtieSpace and VOSviewer software.ResultsA total of 2845 articles and reviews were included. The number of articles regarding pyroptosis significantly increased yearly. These publications mainly come from 70 countries led by China and the USA and 418 institutions. We identified 605 authors, among which Thirumaladevi Kanneganti had the most significant number of articles, and Shi JJ was co-cited most often. Frontiers in immunology was the journal with the most studies, and Nature was the most commonly cited journal. After analysis, the most common keywords are nod like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 inflammasome, apoptosis, cell death, gasdermin D, mechanism, caspase-1, and others are current and developing areas of study.ConclusionResearch on the pyroptosis is flourishing. Cooperation and exchanges between countries and institutions must be strengthened in the future. The related pathway mechanism of pyroptosis, the relationship between pyroptosis and other types of programmed cell deaths as well as the role of pyroptosis in various diseases have been the focus of current research and developmental trends in the future research.

ObjectivesTo identify the cooperation and impact of authors, countries, institutions, and journals, evaluate the knowledge base, find the hotspot trends, and detect the emerging topics regarding ferroptosis research.MethodsThe articles and reviews related to ferroptosis were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection on November 1, 2020. Two scientometric software (CiteSpace 5.7 and VOSviewer 1.6.15) were used to perform bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis.ResultsA total of 1,267 papers were included, in 466 academic journals by 6,867 authors in 438 institutions from 61 countries/regions. The ferroptosis-related publications were increasing rapidly. Cell Death & Disease published the most papers on ferroptosis, while Cell was the top co-cited journal, publication journals and co-cited journals were major in the molecular and biology fields. The United States and China were the most productive countries; meanwhile, the University of Pittsburgh, Columbia University and Guangzhou Medical University were the most active institutions. Brent R Stockwell published the most papers, while Scott J Dixon had the most co-citations; simultaneously, active cooperation existed in ferroptosis researchers. Ten references on reviews, mechanisms, and diseases were regarded as the knowledge base. Five main aspects of ferroptosis research included regulation mechanisms, nervous system injury, cancer, relationships with other types of cell death, and lipid peroxidation. The latest hotspots were nanoparticle, cancer therapy, iron metabolism, and in-depth mechanism. Notably Nrf2 might have turning significance. The emerging topics on ferroptosis research were the further molecular mechanism of ferroptosis and the wider application of ferroptosis-related disease with advanced technology.ConclusionThis study performed a full overview of the ferroptosis research using bibliometric and visual methods. The information would provide helpful references for scholars focusing on ferroptosis.

urea into ammonia to increase the pH around thallus to resist the destruction of gastric acid, which is also one essential cause for colonizing in the gastric mucosa chronically. [2] The virulence factors generated by H. pylori can directly act on gastric mucosa, which stimulate mucosal cells, neutrophils and macrophages to secrete plenty of inflammatory chemokines, thereby inducting severe mucosal inflammatory reactions. [3] Furthermore, activated inflammatory cells would produce excessive oxygen free radicals through respiration, leading to mitochondrial damage and protein denaturation of gastric mucosal epithelial cells, thereby causing oxidativestress-mediated gastric mucosal disruption, which further resulting in gastric diseases, such as chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer. [4] Nowadays, the antibiotic therapy dominated by clarithromycin, metronidazole or amoxicillin is used as the first-line treatment for H. pylori in the world. [5] However, for the lack of targeting property on H. pylori, the long-term use of antibiotics tends to destroy the homeostasis of intestinal flora. [6] Furthermore, although antibiotics can destroy H. pylori, it is still a formidable challenge of antibiotics to address the dysregulation of inflammation response and the impaired gastric mucosa. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new antibiotic replacement therapy to achieve the following three requirements: I. Targeting inflammation precisely and eliminating H. pylori effectively. II. Regulating hyperactive immunoreaction and repairing damaged gastric mucosa. III. Protecting intestinal flora.Herein, we have designed a metal-organic framework hydrogen-generation system (Pd(H) @ ZIF-8 @ AP) that is formed by a hydrogen-generation nanoparticle based on a metalorganic framework (Pd(H) @ ZIF-8) and the negatively charged ascorbate palmitate (AP) hydrogel (Scheme 1a), which has three advantages (Scheme 1b): I) Inflammation-targeting and multiple antibacterial properties. It has been reported that longterm colonization of H. pylori leads to chronic gastric mucosal inflammation, [7] accompanied by increased expression of positively charged proteins and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP, IV collagenase), resulting in positive charge in the inflammatory site. [8] Therefore, AP hydrogel with both negative charge Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the leading cause of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Antibiotics, as traditional method for eliminating H. pylori, have no targeting effect, which causes serious bacterial resistance and gut dysbacteriosis. Moreover, antibiotics can hardly address hyperactive inflammatory response or damaged gastric mucosal barrier caused by H. pylori infection. Here, a pH-responsive metal-organic framework hydrogen-generation nanoparticle (Pd(H) @ ZIF-8) is reported, which is encapsulated with ascorbate palmitate (AP) hydrogel. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that the outer AP hydrogel can target and adhere to the inflammatory site through electrostatic interactions,...