RESUMENEl mundo necesita constantemente aumentar la productividad de los cultivos y crear nuevas variedades mejor adaptadas para enfrentar factores ambientales y biológicos o satisfacer las necesidades de las comunidades locales. Este trabajo persigue mejorar la labor que se viene realizando en este sentido en Cuba, proponiendo una estrategia que permita aumentar la producción de los recursos fitogenéticos necesarios para garantizar una mejor seguridad alimentaria en el municipio. Para la realización del diagnóstico se tuvo en cuenta la guía metodológica para la seguridad de semillas, elaborado por la Unitarian Service Committee of Canada (USC), y se seleccionó al azar una muestra de 38 fincas distribuidas en los distintos consejos populares del municipio. Los principales resultados indican que existe diversidad de semillas en el sistema local, mientras que el sistema formal no se garantiza la diversidad, disponibilidad y calidad requeridas; se aplican diversos métodos de almacenaje para la conservación de semillas y la mayoría de los productores no producen la semilla de forma separada, con las atenciones requeridas para este tipo de producción. Se conoció que es baja la participación de mujeres y jóvenes en las actividades agrícolas y en la toma de decisiones relacionadas con la semilla. Quedó elaborado un sistema de intervenciones que redundará en el mejoramiento de la producción de semillas en el municipio.Palabras clave: diversidad, disponibilidad, intervención, calidad, fitogenético. ABSTRACTThe world constantly needs to increase the crop production and to create new and better adapted varieties to face environmental and biological factors or to satisfy the demands of the local communities. The main purpose of this paper is to improve the work that is being carried out in this respect in Cuba, proposing a strategy that allows an increase in the production of the phytogenetic resources so as to guarantee a better food safety in the municipality. The diagnosis was carried out taking into account the methodological guidelines for the safety of seeds elaborated by the USC of Canada and using a random sample of 38 private farms from different district councils of the municipality. The main results show that there is diversity of seeds in the local private system; however, the formal system doesn't guarantee diversity, availability and quality. It also revealed that diverse storage methods are applied for the conservation of seeds, and that most of the farmers do not produce the seed in an isolated safe way with the required culture for this type of production. On the other hand, the diagnosis also revealed that there is low participation of women and young people in agricultural activities and in the taking of decisions related with the production of seeds. As a result, a system of interventions for the improvement of safer seed productions for the local agriculture was elaborated.
Cambios en las propiedades morfológicas de suelos pardos sialíticos sometidos a diferentes manejos agrícolas en CubaChanges in the morphological properties of sialitic Brown soils subjected to different agricultural management in Cuba.
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