Countries are collaborating to make agriculture more efficient by combining new technologies to improve its procedure. Improving irrigation efficiency in agriculture is thus critical for the survival of sustainable agricultural production. Smart irrigation methods can enhance irrigation efficiency, specially with the introduction of wireless communication systems, monitoring devices, and enhanced control techniques for efficient irrigation scheduling. The study compared on a wide range of study subjects to investigate scientific approaches for smart irrigation. As a result, this project included a wide range of topics related to irrigation methods, decision-making, and technology used. Information was gathered from a variety of scientific papers. So, our research relied on several published documents, the majority of which were published during the last four years, and authors from all over the world. In the meantime, various irrigation initiatives were given special attention. Following that, the evaluation focuses on the key components of smart irrigation, such as real-time irrigation scheduling, IoT, the importance of an internet connection, smart sensing, and energy harvesting.INDEX TERMS Smart irrigation, Soil monitoring, Smart agriculture, IoT, Energy harvesting.• Pressurized distribution: The pressurized systems'main components are a trickle, sprinkler, and array of the same systems, where water is carried and spread along the land surface within networks of pressurized pipes. Besides, many individual systems configurations are presented by novel features, such as centre-pivot sprinkler systems. • Gravity-flow distribution: Systems based on gravityflow carry and distribute the water at the field level through the overland, free-surface flow regime. These mentioned surface irrigation methods are split based on the operational specifications and configuration. • Drainage flow distribution: An irrigation system using drainage control-sub-irrigation is not commonly used.
