Resumo-Smart gridé uma solução inovadora para as redes elétricas que proporciona uma arquitetura integrada para todos os componentes do sistema, incluindo geração, transmissão, distribuição e usuário. Essa arquiteturaé fortemente baseada em redes de telecomunicações com vantagens inerentes, tais como uma maior eficiência e confiabilidade para o sistema, permitindo a comunicação entre dispositivos inteligentes na rede. Nesse minicurso, são explicitados os principais conceitos e desafios acerca de smart grids e da norma IEC 61850, a qual estabelece um padrão para a interoperabilidade na comunicação. A norma IEC 61850, em conjunto com outros padrões e protocolos,é um dos elementos básicos para o desenvolvimento de um sistema de telecomunicações num estilo smart grid. Entre os desafios discutidos para o desenvolvimento de uma rede de nova geração para as smart grids, destacam-se a segurança, a gerência, o controle, a qualidade de serviço e a migração tecnológica.
Automation systems for substations based on IEC 61850 simplify the design, installation, and maintenance of the system with a significant cost reduction. Indeed, the industry considers safety and reliability of real-time systems an essential factor. In this scenario, GOOSE messages used in IEC 61850 communication networks for protection, control, and automation of substation are very important. This paper addresses the development of a traffic generator to adequately evaluate and test system functionalities according to IEC 61850 traffic model. We design and implement Geese, a GOOSE message generator for performance and reliability of IEC 61850 networks evaluation. Generator results are also presented.
Smart grids depend on a solid foundation of communications. Although standards like IEC 61850 proposes interoperability, autoconfiguration, and autonomous control solutions for the communication network, there are still open problems on how to efficiently forward high priority sensitive data. This work proposes a complete architecture for autonomic management and control of communication networks for substations based on IEC 61850. The proposed solution, called SMARTFlow, uses OpenFlow in order to achieve granularity and flexibility in the treatment of data flows. SMARTFlow proactively calculates Layer 2 multicast trees to forward the high priorities GOOSE and Sampled Values messages and reconfigures all flow entries in case of network failures. Also, the proposed system monitors the network and defines the configuration of client-server flows on-demand. The proposal was implemented and tested using Mininet and showed a total load up to 44 % lower than the load using typical switches.
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