Background: Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a rare disease but leaves critical sequelae to patient. Purpose of this study is to evaluate the incidence of TON in each orbital wall fracture. Materials and Methods: Retrospective review of 2629 patients with orbital wall fracture was performed in from January 2010 to March 2019, based on diagnostic code, Korean Standard Classification of Diseases, 7th Revision. The orbital wall fractures were divided into 4 subtypes: superior, medial, inferior, and lateral wall. Incidence of TON is analyzed according to subtypes, single and multiple wall fracture. Results: Among 2629 patients with orbital wall fractures, 27 patients were diagnosed with TON with an incidence of 1.02%. In single wall fracture, only lateral wall showed significantly high TON incidence, which only zygomatic fracture was included in single lateral wall fracture. In multiple wall fracture, it was statistically significant in the superior wall. Conclusions: Fracture on lateral and superior orbital wall showed a tendency to increase the incidence of TON. Based on the above results, radiologic evaluation and physical examination is necessary for patient who has lateral and superior orbital wall fracture.

Calcific myonecrosis is a rare condition in which hypoperfusion due to compartment syndrome causes soft tissue and muscle to become calcified. As calcific myonecrosis gradually deteriorates, secretions steadily accumulate inside the affected area, forming a cavity that is vulnerable to infection. Most such cases progress to chronic wounds that are unlikely to heal spontaneously. After removing the calcified tissue, the wound can be treated by primary closure, flap coverage, or a skin graft. In this case, a 72-year-old man had extensive calcific myonecrosis on his left lower leg, and experienced swelling and increasing tenderness. After removing the muscle calcification, we combined two anterolateral thigh free flaps, which were harvested from the patient's right and left thigh, respectively, to reconstruct the wound with a dead-space filler and skin-defect cover at the same time. The patient recovered without revision surgery or major complications.

Introduction:The mandibular angle endures tension and compression during mastication, and proper internal fixation is essential when a fracture occurs. The authors analyzed the complication rate between Champy technique and rigid fixation, used in the treatment of mandibular angle fracture. Methods: The retrospective study included patients with mandibular angle fracture in single center, from January 2003 to December 2019. The patients were categorized into 2 groups by fixation method of angle fracture: Champy technique which uses single miniplate and rigid fixation which uses multiple miniplate, reconstruction plate, compression plate, lag screw, and wire. Pearson chi-square test was used to analyze the complication rates. Results: A total of 64 patients met inclusion criteria. Thirty-four patients had isolated angle fractures and 30 patients had multiple mandibular fractures. In isolated angle fracture, there were no significant differences in all complications between the Champy technique group and rigid fixation group. In multiple mandibular fractures, there were no significant differences in all complications between 2 groups. Conclusions: For isolated angle fractures, Champy technique is a reliable treatment method. Additionally, in case of multiple mandibular fractures, Champy technique is an effective fixation method in angle fractures when proper rigid fixation is performed for accompanying fractures.

Currently, direct-to-implant (DTI) immediate breast reconstruction is a well-accepted surgical treatment for patients who need skin-sparing mastectomy in breast cancer. Adjuvant therapy for breast cancer can include chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, radiotherapy, the targeted drug trastuzumab (Herceptin ® ), or a combination of treatments. Among these treatments, adjuvant chemotherapy is increasingly being used in women with breast cancer (1).Adjuvant chemotherapy increases the survival rate and decreases the recurrence rate in early-stage breast cancer (2). Unfortunately, adjuvant chemotherapy can cause chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) by suppressing the hematopoietic system (3,4). A deficit of neutrophils makes the patients vulnerable to infection and induce poor wound healing.Even though adjuvant chemotherapy following immediate breast reconstruction was demonstrated to not increase the risk of complications (5), no information