The growth of the electronic industry and the widespread use of electronic equipment in communications, computations, automations, bio-medicine, space, and other purposes have led to many electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems as systems operate in close proximity. It is likely to become more severe in the future, unless proper EMI control methodology and techniques are used to meet the electromagnetic compatibility requirements. This article presents a comprehensive review of EMI shielding theory and materials. Furthermore, a method for fabricating a multifunctional metal composite fabric with electromagnetic (EM) shielding characteristics was successfully developed. The parameters influencing EM shielding properties of the metal composite fabrics were investigated. It was shown that the EM shielding effectiveness of the metal composite fabrics could be tailored by modifying the metal grid size and geometry.

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Aging of unsaturated oily soils on textile materials produces yellow compounds that are difficult to remove by washing. To investigate changes that occur in oily soils when aged, the aging of squalene and artificial sebum were studied. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography, and gel permeation chromatography studies showed that oily soils were oxidized upon aging, forming low molecular weight products that also polymerized to higher molecular weight compounds with prolonged aging. The oxidation products contained hydroxyl, carbonyl, or ester groups. Oxidation compounds with yellow chromophores appeared to be mostly those of the 1000-2500 molecular weight fraction; though in earlier stages of aging, lower molecular weight fractions also contained chromophores. By using glucose as a model compound of cellulose, it was found that yellow oxidation products of aged squalene were covalently bound to the substrate. Because the aging of oily soils is a free-radical oxidation process, oxidation products having chromophores are thought to attach to the cotton substrate through radical coupling. Oily soils also showed possibilities of chemical bonding with nylon but not with polyester. JSD 3, 371-380 (1998).

This paper examines the effect of the layering sequence of unidirectional (UD)/woven fabric hybrid panels on perforation resistance (V50) against a 5.56 mm fragment-simulating projectile and the blunt trauma resistance represented by the backface signature (BFS) caused by a .44 Magnum semi-jacketed hollow point projectile. Some of the woven fabric layers were impregnated with shear thickening fluid (STF) to modify their properties. When layers with a smaller in-plane constraint (neat woven fabric) were laminated behind layers with a larger in-plane constraint (UD or STF-impregnated woven fabric), an increase in perforation resistance was observed due to the decreased out-of-plane constraint. When the layering sequence was reversed, an increase in blunt trauma resistance (i.e. smaller BFS) was observed due to better coupling of yarn elongation in the frontal and rear layers.