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The visible light-driven purification of aqueous pollutants after oil/water separation was demonstrated and the relationship between the surface morphologies of meshes and the viscosities of oils for effective separation was investigated.

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Environmentally friendly superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic sponges were synthesized using a one-step approach for oil/water separation. A superhydrophilic or superhydrophobic sponge (MFS/CC-DKGM or MFS/CC-PDMS) was synthesized by one-step coating of melamine formaldehyde sponge (MFS) with a mixture of calcium carbonate (CC) rods and deacetylized Konjac glucomannan (DKGM) [or polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)]. The MFS/CC-PDMS showed excellent absorption capacity, which reached 52–76 g/g following immersion into various types of oil/water mixtures. Furthermore, the MFS/CC-DKGM and MFS/CC-PDMS exhibited excellent water- and oil-flux performances, which reached 4,702 L/m2 h and 19,591 L/m2 h, respectively, when they were used as filters. The MFS/CC-DKGM and MFS/CC-PDMS maintained their wettability characteristics relatively well after the chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability tests.

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