The fate of subducted oceanic slabs can provide important clues to plate reconstruction through Earth history. Since oceanic slabs in continental collision zones are typically not well preserved, ancient subduction zones have rarely been imaged by geophysical techniques. Here we present an exception from the Darbut belt in the Junggar accretionary collage in the southern Altaids of Asia. We deployed a 182 km long magnetotelluric (MT) profile including 60 broadband sounding sites across the belt. Quality off‐diagonal impedances were inverted by a three‐dimensional scheme to image resistivities beneath the profile. The resistivity model along with MT impedance phase ellipses and induction vectors were tested and interpreted in detail. Combining geological and geophysical observations, mineral physical experiment, and geodynamic modeling results, the MT transect suggests a fossil intraoceanic subduction zone during the Late Paleozoic in the western Junggar that has been well preserved due to lack of significant subsequent tecto‐thermal events.
Efficient noninvasive techniques are desired for repairing organic‐contaminated soils. Bioelectrochemical technology, especially microbial fuel cells (MFCs), has been widely used to promote a polluted environmental remediation approach, and applications include wastewater, sludge, sediment, and soil remediation. Soil MFC remediation has been of significant concern in recent years, and thus, several aspects, including reactor configuration, electrode materials, soil conductivity, mass transfer, and microbial activity, are reviewed. Recent studies and key issues of soil MFCs and perspectives of organic‐contamination remedial application are summarized, with the aim of assisting environmental scholars and engineers to gain a comprehensive understanding of MFC remediation. Insights are also offered on how to extend applications to help soil MFC remediation technology to advance and be applied in the future on a large scale.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the contours of police integrity among Chinese police officers. Specifically, this study explores how Chinese police evaluate integrity based on official policy governing interactions, discipline governing infractions, views of seriousness, and willingness to inform when others engage in misconduct.
Design/methodology/approach
In total, 353 police officers were surveyed representing those attending in-service training program at a Chinese police university in May 2015. Questionnaires containing 11 scenarios describing police misbehaviors were distributed to officers during classes.
Findings
There was a strong correlation between officers’ perceptions of rule-violation, misconduct seriousness, discipline, and willingness to report. Additionally, preliminary results suggest there exists a code of silence among Chinese officers, and that Chinese officers hold a lenient attitude toward the use of excessive force.
Research limitations/implications
This study utilizes a convenient sample, which restricts the generalizability of the results.
Practical implications
The results indicate the existence of code of silence among Chinese officers and their lenient attitude toward the use of excessive force.
Originality/value
Although there has been a growing body of research examining police integrity in both western democracies and transitional societies, China as the largest developing nation in the world and with a unique police system (falls somewhere between the centralized model and the integrated model) is understudied. This study addresses this gap in previous literature by exploring the contours of police integrity among Chinese police officers.
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