Focal adhesions (FAs) are multi-protein structures containing integrin that serve as a focal point for the association between the extracellular matrix (ECM) and actin cytoskeleton. After cells adhere to the ECM, the cell membrane forms filopodia and lamellipodia. Cells deficient in FA complexes show reduced lamellipodia dynamics and this deficiency influences cell migration. Lamellipodia dynamics have distinguishable stages of lamellipodia protrusion, retraction, and persistence. Particularly, cells with decreasing or absent FA formation commonly show longer persistence time as analyzed using computer-assisted stroboscopic analysis. These results indicate that after cells adhere to the substratum, the reduced lamellipodia dynamics associated with defective FA formation influences cell motility.Cell migration plays a central role in many physiological and pathological processes including embryogenesis, inflammatory response, wound healing, and metastasis. Cell migration is a distinctive, integrative, multistep process including formation of the cell adhesion, membrane protrusion at the front area, cell body contraction, and tail detachment [1]. Cell adhesion utilizes focal adhesions (FAs), fibrillary adhesions, and podosomes [2] to link the extracellular matrix (ECM) and various cytoplasmic proteins. After cells adhere to the ECM, the membrane begins filopodium formation and lamellipodium extension at the front edge of the cell. These are driven by actin polymerization and microtubule dynamics [3]. During the next steps of cell migration, the cell body moves forward in the migration direction and releases the cell-substrate adhesion at the cell rear [4]. At the cell front, the membrane begins as a flat cellular protrusion that is powered by actin polymerization and can be visualized by phase contrast microscopy as dark waves, which are called membrane ruffles [4,5]. Lamellipodia are sheet-like projections formed at the leading edge of many migrating cells, including fibroblasts, immune cells, neural crest cells, and melanoblasts [5,6]. This review will discuss the role of FA and its effect on lamellipodia dynamics in understanding adhesion-dependent cell migration. FAs are highly dynamic structures that form at sites of membrane contact with the ECM and associate with many cellular proteins known as FA complexes, including vinculin, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), Src family kinases (SFKs), paxillin, p130CAS (Crk-associate substrate), and Crk [2,7]. Deficiency of FA complexes in mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) results in severe defects in cell spreading and culminates in embryonic death. For example, FAK-null MEFs show mesodermal defects in the late phase of gastrulation and have a delay in cell migration in vitro [8,9]. Deficiency of p130CAS causes severe defects in cell spreading [9,10]. In SYF cells (deficient for Src, Yes, and Fyn), MEFs show a decreased formation of FAs, which results in severe developmental defects, lethality, and delayed cell migration [11][12][13]. Additionally, Crknull mice die dur...