Highly fluorescent π-conjugated polycyclic azaborines can be prepared from B,N-heterocyclic compounds with a BR2 -CH2 unit through the elimination of an R-H molecule (see scheme). These clean photoelimination reactions occur both in solution and in polymers doped with the precursors.

Three new Ir(III) compounds with deep-blue phosphorescence have been synthesized. These molecules have the general formula of Ir(C ^N) 2 (L ^X), where C ^N ¼ 2 0 ,6 0 -difluoro-2,3 0 -bipyridine (dfpypy) and L ^X ¼ ancillary ligand such as 2-picolinate, pic (1), acetylacetonate, acac (2), or dipivaloylmethanoate, dpm (3).The ancillary ligands have been found to significantly destabilize both HOMO and LUMO levels of the Ir(III) complexes, compared to Ir(dfpypy) 3 , without significantly changing the phosphorescence energy.Compounds 1-3 emit bright blue phosphorescence with l max ¼ 440-460 nm and quantum efficiencies of 0.60-0.95 in solution and the solid state. Double-layer electroluminescent devices using compounds 1-3 as the dopant, CDBP (4,4 0 -bis(9-carbazolyl)-2,2 0 -dimethylbiphenyl) as the host/hole transporting layer, and TPBi (1,3,5-tris(N-phenylbenzimidazole-2-yl)benzene) as the electron transport layer have been fabricated. These EL devices show pure blue colour with high efficiency. The EL device of compound 3 at the doping level of 20 wt% shows the best performance with EQE of 10-15% at the brightness of 10-1000 cd m À2 and the maximum current efficiency of 22 cd A À1 .

Lung cancer screening with computerised tomography holds promise, but optimising the balance of benefits and harms via selection of a high risk population is critical. PLCO is a logistic regression model based on U.S. data, incorporating sociodemographic and health factors, which predicts 6-year lung cancer risk among ever-smokers, and thus may better predict those who might benefit from screening than criteria based solely on age and smoking history. We aimed to validate the performance of PLCO in predicting lung cancer outcomes in a cohort of Australian smokers. Predicted risk of lung cancer was calculated using PLCO applied to baseline data from 95,882 ever-smokers aged ≥45 years in the 45 and Up Study (2006-2009). Predictions were compared to lung cancer outcomes captured to June 2014 via linkage to population-wide health databases; a total of 1,035 subsequent lung cancer diagnoses were identified. PLCO had good discrimination (area under the receiver-operating-characteristic-curve; AUC 0.80, 95%CI 0.78-0.81) and excellent calibration (mean and 90th percentiles of absolute risk difference between observed and predicted outcomes: 0.006 and 0.016, respectively). Sensitivity (69.4%, 95%CI, 65.6-73.0%) of the PLCO criteria in the 55-74 year age group for predicting lung cancers was greater than that using criteria based on ≥30 pack-years smoking and ≤15 years quit (57.3%, 53.3-61.3%; p < 0.0001), but specificity was lower (72.0%, 71.7-72.4% versus 75.2%, 74.8-75.6%, respectively; p < 0.0001). Targeting high risk people for lung cancer screening using PLCO might improve the balance of benefits versus harms, and cost-effectiveness of lung cancer screening.

Most patients with SMAD can be successfully managed with conservative treatment. Surgical treatment or percutaneous intervention can be reserved for patients with severe mesenteric ischaemia and those for whom the initial conservative treatment fails.