Neurological, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings were recorded from 13 patients with Japanese encephalitis (JE) in the Kurume region diagnosed by serological criteria. The patients averaged 63 years of age, and 5 were older than 70 years. The serological data mostly indicated a primary response. Hemiplegia and tetraplegia were common, together with extrapyramidal signs. A few cases had a stroke-like onset and cerebral haemorrhage during the course of JE. CT and MRI in 7 cases revealed abnormalities in the thalamus and basal ganglia including the putamen. The CT and MRI findings from the acute stage to the convalescent stage were considered to be characteristic of JE.

Experimental studies have revealed that duodenogastric ref lux subsequent to gastrectomy was one of the most significant factors for the development of carcinoma in the remnant stomach. For this reason, the binding of carcinogenic agents to the nucleic acids in the gastric mucosa exposed to the duodenal contents were studied using an organ culture method. The intracellular NA levels bound with carcinogenic agents were significantly increased in the mucosa of the remnant stomach, as compared to the parietal mucosa in the whole stomach. The remnant stomach may therefore provide an environment that enhances the development of cancer.

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A retrospective study has been made on resected 541 cases of early and primary gastric cancer for past 22 years, to know characteristics of early gastric cancer detedted by mass screening. The cases were divided into screening group (n=86) and non-screening group (n=455). 1) In both groups tumors commonly occurred in M-region and lesser curvature site . A greater number of sinking type macroscopically or differenciated type histologically was observed. 2) A lower occurrence in the anterior wall and higher occurrence in the posterior wall were noted in the screening group . 3) The most commonly detected tumors were 1.1 to 2.0cm in longer diameter in both groups. In the screening group no case of minute carcinoma was detected, while minimal for large mass 5cm or more. 4) In the screening cases m cancer was more commonly found than sm cancer, showing lower anginal invasive rate and metastasis rate to the lymph nodes . Accordingly, mass screening can not be expected to detect minute carcinoma because of its essential objective of screening. However, it is advantagous to detecting a large number of early gastric cancers less than 5cm in diameter, accompaning neither vascular invasion nor lymph node metastasis. Further spreded use of mass screening is desired.