Background Regarding the importance of health literacy as a key factor in self-care, appropriate understanding of health information by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is fundamental for better management of risk factors, which can also benefit their quality of life. This study aimed to describe the relationship between health literacy (HL), and self-care behaviors with health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with T2DM. Methods A cross-sectional survey was done in Iran in 2019. Patients were recruited randomly from health centers by medical records (n = 192, 55.2% male, mean age 58.12 years). The data collection included demographic form, health literacy questionnaire, diabetes self-care behavior questionnaire, and world health organization’s Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). Analyses were adjusted for confounders using hierarchical regression analysis. Results HL as predictor variables explained 47.5% of variance in overall HRQL (p value < 0.001), reading health information was the strongest HL dimension (β = 0.478). Self-care behaviors explained an additional 13.6% of the HRQL variance. In total, 65.5% of the variation in the HRQL is explained by the HL, self-care behavior, and the demographic variables. Conclusion We found that more almost two-third of the HRQL explained by the HL and self-care behaviors. Given the importance of health literacy and self-care behaviors in the quality of life in patients with T2DM, adoption of health-promoting behaviors and increasing health literacy can be beneficial for promoting quality of life among these patients.

AimsThis study used the Extended Theory of Reasoned Action (ETRA) to predict self-care behaviors and HbA1c among patients with type 2 diabetes in Iran.Materials and methodsA cross-sectional study was performed using a multistage random sample. A total of 240 patients with type 2 diabetes, who were referred to the diabetes healthcare centers in Chaldoran, participated in the research. Instruments consisting of standardized questionnaires were used based on the Extended Theory of Reasoned Action (ETRA) constructs and the summary scale of diabetes self-care behaviors measure.FindingsThe results of this study demonstrated that demographic variables explained ~ 7% (p-value = 0.23) and ETRA constructs 18% of the variance (p-value = 0.02) in behavioral intention, respectively. According to the hierarchical multiple linear regressions on self-care behaviors, demographic factors (p-value 0.001) dictated 45.7% of the variation of the self-care behavior, while knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention (p-value 0.001) accounted for 63.4% of the variance. The ETRA constructs, self-care practices, and demographic factors together account for almost 57% of the variation in the HbA1c. Self-care practices were the best indicator of HbA1c (β = −0.593).ConclusionETRA constructs and self-care behavior can be the best determinants of HbA1c level in type 2 diabetes. This model is suggested to be applied in designing intervention programs to improve HbA1c in these groups of patients.

Background & aim: Nosocomial infections occur as a result of the patient staying in the hospital and it is one of the most important social, economic and medical problems in different countries. The health care team especially nurses have an important role in the control of HAI. The purpose of this study was to compare the knowledge, attitude and function of nurses and nursing students about HAI control in Sarab`s Imam Khomeini medical education center. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 135 nurses and 135 nursing students in Sarab`s Imam Khomeini medical education center at 2020 who were selected with available sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire for assessing awareness, attitude and function of the target community regarding the control of hospital infections. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 19 software and descriptive statistical methods such as mean and standard deviation and inferential methods including t-test, Spearman correlation coefficient and Analysis of variance. Results:The mean scores of knowledges of nurses (9.6±3.51) were higher than students (9.1±4.10) and both were at a weak level. Also, the average scores of attitudes (41.32±6.52) and function (46.53±2.99) of nurses were higher than the mean scores of students' attitude (39.70±5.79) and function (43.83±2.57), indicating the average attitude and function of students and nurses. Conclusion: Due to the importance of controlling nosocomial infections, in addition to educating nurses in the form of in-service training programs during the study period, more focus should be placed on teaching topics related to compliance with nosocomial infection standards.