t S y s t e m Engineering Dept. Design Div. " t ' t D e v e l o p m e n t Dept. No. 1 I n f o r m a t i o n Systems Div. No. 1 T o y o t a M o t o r C o r p o r a t i o n 1, T o y o t a -c h o , Toyota, 471 J a p a n Tel 0565(28)2121actual car resulting Image ABSTRACTWe have developed a rendering technique to generate realistic images meeting designers' requirements by strictly analyzing various physical phenomena relevant to the appearance of actual objects.We have numerically compared the results of the calculations using this technique with colorimetry values. As a result, both values were virtually equal, so we have been able to confirm the effectiveness of the established technique.Application of this technique to car design, which has not been realized to a large extent because of severe requests for realism, will make it possible to evaluate styles and colors on a graphics display before making a clay model.

We have developed a color CAD system which enables a color designer to evaluate and create body colors of a car on a graphic display and put this system into practical use. The system has three features; generating realistic images comparable to photography to satisfy the car designer's needs, through close analysis of the physical phenomena taking place in the real environment, reproducing the desired colors very accurately on a CRT monitor, through analysis of the CRT colorimetric characteristics of reproducing the specified colors in response to the input signals, and utilizing a parallel computer to generate realistic images at a high speed and to control colors through interactive operation. Application of the CAD system reported here to the field of color design made it possible to fully evaluate and create body colors by means of computer graphics, replacing the conventional method which requires the painting of clay models or prototype cars.

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We have investigated dynamics of single neuronal spontaneous activities in the mesencephalic reticular formation (MRF) of a cat in natural outdoors, using a telemetry system that could measure 7 channels of physiological signals, such as neuronal activity, electroencephalogram, electrooculogram, electromyo gram, and so on. The telemetry system transmits the signals by the method of PDM/FM with about 88MHz of main carrier. We have successfully recorded long-term spike trains of several single neurons in the MRF. Spectral analyses were carried out on the time series of counts converted from the spike train. The spectrum during waking state outdoors showed a spectral density approximately inversely proportional to frequency (1/f-like spectrum) in the frequency range of 0.01-1.0Hz. The 1/f-like spectral characteristic during waking state was similar to the one during paradoxical sleep, but clearly different from the white-noise-like spectral profile during slow wave sleep. The 1/f-like spectra observed in the MRF neuronal activities outdoors probably suggest that the neuronal activity displays slow fluctuations both by inputs from the internal/external environments and by dynamics of the MRF neuronal network.