Background: Worldwide, Internet addiction is a major and serious challenge. With uncontrolled use of the internet, university students may suffer from academic problems, distractions, and social isolation. Aim: This study aimed to assess knowledge, beliefs, and level of Internet addiction among nursing students at Minia University. The Health Belief Model was used as a theoretical framework in the study. Design: Descriptive research design. Setting: The study was conducted at the faculty of nursing at Minia University. Sample: Three hundred and seventy (370) students were included using a stratified random sample. Tools: Data collected using two tools, the 1st tool was a selfadministered questionnaire based on The Health Belief Model to assess the students' knowledge and beliefs about Internet addiction, and the 2nd tool was the Arabic version of the Internet Addiction Test to assess the students' level of Internet addiction. Results: 91.1% of the participants had poor knowledge about Internet addiction. Regarding health beliefs toward IA, 66.5% had low perceived susceptibility, 64.1% had low perceived severity, 53.5% had high perceived barriers, 56.8% had high perceived benefits, 64.3% had low perceived cues to action, and 73% had low perceived self-efficacy. Concerning the level of Internet addiction, 44.6% had a mild level followed by 38.9% had a moderate level and 3.5% had a severe level of Internet addiction. Conclusion: The majority of participants had poor knowledge and low Health Belief Model constructs toward Internet addiction except for perceived barriers. The majority had mild and moderate levels of Internet addiction and the minority had a severe Internet addiction. Recommendation: strategies should be developed to increase awareness and decrease the level of Internet addiction among university students.

Background, Stroke is a scientific emergency, for people experiencing a stroke, the difference between recovery and disability or loss of life is measured in hours, rehabilitation clinician to be familiar with stroke, information a way to understand and manage the acute stroke further to having the cap ability to provide evaluation and personal own family members. The aim was to assess care provided by family caregivers for post stroke patient at home. Design: Descriptive research design was used. Setting: This study was conducted at the stroke neurological departments and the neurological outpatient clinic at Minia University Hospital. Sample: A purposive sample of 180 cases within six months (from first July to the end December 2020), it was completed with care givers at home visit evaluation patients and their family's caregivers. Tools: first tool included part 1: Socio-demographic characteristics and medical health history about patient, Part 2: The Barthel Index to assess degree of independence of the patient ,it is consist of three items .second tool included part 1: post stroke care checklists to assess (exercise, medications, preventing another stroke, pressure ulcer, mobility and rehabilitation) part 2: post stroke complications checklists to assess (pneumonia, urinary tract infection and Deep venous thrombosis) (DVT). Results: the most of study sample are married while two third of sample has insufficient incomes to their family, two third of post stroke patients of study are affected by pneumonia, and half of study sample are complained from hypertension. Less than half of study sample are independent for total Barthel Index. Conclusion: The current study concluded that less than half of post stroke patients were complained from hypertension, while less half of post stroke patient in the present study sample were independent for feeding, also more than half of post-stroke caregivers gave patient medications on time. The most of stroke patients was suffering from depression and two third have urinary tract infection, the half of study sample were independent for total Barthel Index in spite of there were two third of studied sample were satisfied for total post stroke care . Recommendation: the study recommended that; health education with the preventive information especially at the primary level about the stroke, develop a team of discharge plan to be responsible about providing the patients and their family caregivers with the knowledge and practice about post stroke care.

Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women in low and middle-income countries. The aim: to evaluate the effect of educational program on knowledge and attitudes towards cervical cancer screening among women at reproductive age. Research design: Quasi-experimental design (pre-test, post-test) was used to achieve the aim of this study. Sample: A purposive sample of 100 women was used. Data Collection Tool, questionnaire (I): A structured interviewing questionnaire which included socio-demographic characteristics of women, marital and reproductive history (II) knowledge regarding cervical cancer and screening questionnaire (III) Attitudes toward cervical cancer and screening questionnaire. Results: Before the educational program, 21% of the participated women had poor knowledge regarding cervical cancer and screening; later, that number dropped to none, and 31% and 69% had moderate and good knowledge respectively, post-implementation. On the other hand, 62% of the studied women had a positive attitude regarding cervical cancer screening before the educational program but it increased to 82% post-implementation of an educational program. Conclusion: The study concluded that the educational program positively affected knowledge and attitudes toward cervical cancer screening among women at reproductive age. Recommendation: Periodically screening for cervical cancer among women of reproductive age in the obstetric hospital and maternal-child health centers

Background: Lead is a highly toxic and poisonous metal, it can cause severe mental and physical impairment to young children. Young children are most vulnerable because they absorb four to five times more ingested lead compared to adults from a given source. Mothers' awareness about lead poisoning and a deeper understanding of its effect on children can prevent lead poisoning. Aim: The study aimed to assess mothers' knowledge and their health habits regarding lead pollution at Bani-Khalid Village in Minia Governorate. Study design: Descriptive research design was used to conduct in this study. Subject: Systematic random sampling of 251 mothers were included in the study this number represents 20% of the total numbers of mothers in the village which is 1253 mothers according to the last national Egyptian census in 2017. The criteria for inclusion in the study were mothers of males and females child and agreed to participate. Setting: This study was carried out at Bani-khaled Village at Samalout District affiliated to Minia Governorate, East sea. Data collection started from the first of July 2021 to end of December 2021, the investigator visited Bani-Khaled Village twice a week (on Saturdays and Tuesdays) from 10 am to 12 p.m to recruit the study sample. According to inclusion criteria, all mothers having young children and agreed to participates (6:8 mother per week) were chosen. The average number of interview subjects per day was four, and the average time spent on each was about 25-30 minutes, depending on the individual's response. Tools: Three tools were utilized in this study, the First tool was an interviewing structured questionnaire sheet was contained two parts: Part 1: Sociodemographic characteristics about the mothers. Part II: Mothers knowledge assessment questionnaire about lead pollution to assess mothers' knowledge about lead pollution such as: define pollution, lead pollution and lead poisoning, things that cause lead pollution in homes. Second tool; Mothers health habits questionnaire was to assess the practices of mother regarding lead pollution. Third tool; An observational Checklist to assess homes environment Results: The results show that more than two fifth of study subjects have good knowledge scores regarding lead poisoning, but more than half of subjects have poor knowledge scores, more than three quarters of study subjects have satisfactory practices scores regarding lead poisoning, but more than one fifth of subjects have unsatisfactory practices scores and there is positive significant correlation between women knowledge about lead pollution and their practices. Conclusion:The most of the studied sample more than three quarters had satisfactory practices score, more than two fifth of study subjects have good knowledge scores and there was a positive significant correlation between women knowledge about lead pollution and their practices. Recommendations: Health education programs should be available for mothers about lead poisoning and appropriate protection measures. Emphasis for mo...