Tighten your belt: [12]Cycloparaphenylene, the sidewall segment of a carbon nanotube (see picture), has been synthesized in a selective manner through stepwise palladium‐catalyzed coupling reactions. The synthesis capitalizes on the ability of the cis‐1,4‐dihydroxycyclohexane‐1,4‐diyl unit to attenuate the build‐up of strain energy during macrocyclization.

Den Gürtel enger schnallen: [12]Cycloparaphenylen, das Wandsegment einer Kohlenstoffnanoröhre (siehe Bild), wurde mithilfe wiederholter palladiumkatalysierter Kupplungsreaktionen selektiv synthetisiert. Die Synthese profitiert von der Fähigkeit der cis‐1,4‐Dihydroxycyclohexan‐1,4‐diyl‐Einheit, dem Aufbau von Spannungsenergie während der Makrocyclisierung entgegenzuwirken.

Objective: The objective of this study was to retrospectively analyse the treatment results of clinically localised angiosarcoma of the scalp and face. Methods: The records of 48 patients who were treated between 1987 and 2009 were reviewed. single modality or a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy were administered. The median follow-up of all 48 patients was 13.7 months (range 2.5-105.9 months). Results: At the time of analysis, 45 of 48 patients (93.8%) had disease recurrences, and the lung was the most frequent site for recurrence (37 patients). In multivariate analysis, performance status (PS) and number of tumours were significant predictors of lungmetastasis-free (LMF) rate. For patients with multifocal tumours, chemotherapy use significantly decreased the LMF rate (p50.0072). The 2-year actuarial overall survival (OS), progression-free survival and local control rates in all 48 patients were 22.1%, 10.7% and 46.3%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, PS, number of tumours, surgery and radiotherapy were significant prognostic factors for OS. Patients treated with both surgery and radiotherapy (2-year OS: 45.8%) had a significantly more favourable OS (p,0.0001) than patients treated with either surgery or radiotherapy (2-year OS: 11.1%) and patients treated with neither surgery nor radiotherapy (2-year OS: 0%). Conclusions: Our results indicated that PS and number of tumours were significant predictors for developing lung metastases. Our results also indicated that PS, number of tumours, surgery use and radiotherapy use were independent prognostic factors for OS. Multimodal treatments including surgery and radiotherapy were effective in improving OS for patients with these tumours. Advances in knowledge: Multimodal treatments including surgery and radiotherapy are effective in improving overall survival for patients with angiosarcoma of the scalp and face.

using a large population-based sample, our results suggest that lower hand-grip strength, standardised using age and gender, is both cross-sectionally and longitudinally associated with depressive symptoms.

In the present study, we aimed to identify multimorbidity patterns in a Japanese population and investigate whether these patterns have differing effects on polypharmacy and dosage frequency. Data was collected on 17 chronic health conditions via nationwide cross-sectional survey of 3,256 adult Japanese residents. Factor analysis was performed to identify multimorbidity patterns, and associations were determined with excessive polypharmacy [concurrent use of ≥ 10 prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) medications] and higher dosage frequency ( ≥ 3 doses per day). Secondary outcomes were the number of concurrent prescription medications and the number of concurrent OTC medications. We used a generalized linear model to adjust for individual sociodemographic characteristics. Five multimorbidity patterns were identified: cardiovascular/renal/metabolic, neuropsychiatric, skeletal/articular/digestive, respiratory/dermal, and malignant/digestive/urologic. Among these patterns, malignant/digestive/urologic and cardiovascular/renal/metabolic patterns showed the strongest associations with excessive polypharmacy and the number of concurrent OTC medications. Malignant/digestive/urologic, respiratory/dermal, and skeletal/articular/digestive patterns were also associated with higher dosage frequency. Multimorbidity patterns have differing effects on excessive polypharmacy and dosage frequency. Malignant/digestive/urologic pattern may be at higher risk of impaired medication safety and increased treatment burden, than other patterns. Continued study is warranted to determine how to incorporate multimorbidity patterns into risk assessments of polypharmacy and overall treatment burden.