The development of advanced nanomaterials for the highly efficient electrical detection of biological species has attracted great attention. Here, novel polypyrrole-Pluronic F127 nanoparticles (PPy-F127 NPs) with conducting and biocompatibility properties were synthesized and used to construct a L-lactic acid biosensor that could be applied in biochemical assays. The PPy-F127 NPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), elemental analysis and UV-vis spectroscopy. Lactate oxidase (LOx) structure variation on the PPy-F127 NPs was investigated by circular dichroism (CD). The cyclic voltammetric results indicated that LOx immobilized on the PPy-F127 NPs exhibited direct electron transfer reaction with a formal potential value (E(0)') of 0.154 V vs. SCE. Moreover, the biosensor had good electrocatalytic activity toward L-lactic acid with a wide linear range (0.015-37.5 mM) and a low detection limit of 0.0088 mM. The regression equation was I (μA) = 0.02353c (mM) + 1.4135 (R(2) = 0.9939). The L-lactic acid biosensor had a good anti-interference property towards uric acid (UA), ascorbic acid (AA), glucose and cysteine. The idea and method provide a promising platform for the rapid development of biosensors that can be used in the detection of biological species.

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The construction of a well‐defined metal‐organic framework (MOF) precursor structure is essential to obtain highly efficient transition metal phosphide electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in water splitting. In this regard, we propose a novel strategy involving the in situ conversion of flake nickel‐cobalt hydroxide into NiCo MOF with a unique biomimetic architecture (i. e. Venus flytrap‐like morphology with dense 1D nanowires anchoring on 2D nanosheets), and further phosphating the precursor into NiCoP that possesses a similar, distinctive structure. Specifically, 1D nanowires afford effective electron transfer, while 2D nanosheets provide enhanced mechanical stability to the composite. The experimental results show that this material has an enormous amount of available active sites, accelerated charge/mass transfer, and a structural synergistic effect. As a result, the as‐prepared NiCoP/nickel foam (NF) catalyst only requires overpotentials of 78 and 262 mV to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2 for the HER and OER in 1.0 M KOH, respectively. Furthermore, the application of NiCoP/NF as a bifunctional catalyst for the overall water splitting reaction yields current densities of 10 mA cm−2 at 1.60 V. Therefore, this is an effective strategy for the development of next‐generation electrocatalysts for solar‐energy conversion.

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