This paper reports on a low-cost turbidity sensor design for continuous on-line water quality monitoring applications. The measurement of turbidity by agricultural and environmental scientists is restricted by the current cost and functionality of available commercial instruments. Although there are a number of low-cost turbidity sensors exploited within domestic 'white-goods', such as dishwashers, the lack of sensitivity and power-usage of these devices make them unsuitable for freshwater quality monitoring purposes. The recent introduction of wireless protocols and hardware, associated with the 'Internet-of-Things' concept for machine-tomachine autonomous sensing and control, has enabled the largescale networked intelligent water turbidity monitoring system that implements relatively low-cost sensors to be developed. The proposed sensor uses both transmitted light and orthogonal (90 degrees) scattered light detection principles, and is 2-3 orders of magnitude lower in cost as compared to the existing commercial turbidity sensors. With an 850nm infrared LED, and dual orthogonal photodetectors, the proposed design is capable of measuring turbidity within the range of 0-1000 Nephelometric Turbidity Unit (NTU) with improved accuracy and robustness as compared to the existing low cost turbidity sensors. The combination of orthogonal and transmitted light detection unit provide both 0-200 NTU high resolution and accuracy sensing and 0-1000 NTU lower resolution and accuracy sensing capability. Results from calibration experiment are presented, which proved that the proposed sensor design produced a comparable turbidity reading as a commercial turbidity sensor.

An increasing number of novel Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes have been successfully applied as photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Despite recent advances in optimized PSs with refined photophysical properties, the lack of tumoral selectivity is often a major hurdle for their clinical development. Here, classical maleimide and versatile NHS‐activated acrylamide strategies were employed to site‐selectively conjugate a promising Ru(II) polypyridyl complex to the N‐terminally Cys‐modified Bombesin (BBN) targeting unit. Surprisingly, the decreased cell uptake of these novel Ru‐BBN conjugates in cancer cells did not hamper the high phototoxic activity of the Ru‐containing bioconjugates and even decreased the toxicity of the constructs in the absence of light irradiation. Overall, although deceiving in terms of selectivity, our new bioconjugates could still be useful for advanced cancer treatment due to their nontoxicity in the dark.

Fluorination on the retaining ligand of Ru(ii) PACT agents enhanced phototoxicity but diminished dark cytotoxicity compared with the parent complex, more favorable for PACT application.

Replacing an adamantyl unit in the protein kinase inhibitor Opaganib® with an integrated [(η5-Cp)M(CO)3] (M = Re, 99mTc) unit retains the lead's bioactivity and yields a true matched-pair pharmacomimetic.

Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) stabilized by methyl cellulose (MC) were synthesized in an aqueous solution, which are monodispersed nanoparticles. PdNPs/α-Al 2 O 3 catalyst was prepared with monodispersed PdNPs and showed better catalytic performance than Pd/α-Al 2 O 3 catalyst prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method using Pd(NO 3) 2 as a precursor. The catalysts were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It was found that monodispersed PdNPs were spherical or elliptical nanoparticles with exposed (111) and (100) facets, and the PdNPs/α-Al 2 O 3 catalyst showed a more concentrated distribution of Pd particles on the surface of α-Al 2 O 3 support than the Pd/α-Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The preparation method achieved the highly dispersed PdNPs/α-Al 2 O 3 catalyst with smaller Pd particle size and decreased the aggregation of Pd active sites, which was responsible for higher acetylene conversion and ethylene selectivity.