The DEX implant 0.7 mg and 0.35 mg met the primary efficacy endpoint for improvement in BCVA. The safety profile was acceptable and consistent with previous reports.

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Citation: Kim JT, Lee DH, Joe SG, Kim J-G, Yoon YH. Changes in choroidal thickness in relation to the severity of retinopathy and macular edema in type 2 diabetic patients. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2013;54:3378-3384. DOI:10.1167/iovs.12-11503 PURPOSE. To assess changes in choroidal thickness in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) using enhanced-depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).METHODS. Among 235 eyes from 145 patients, 195 treatment-naïve eyes were divided into no DR, mild/moderate nonproliferative DR (NPDR), severe NPDR, proliferative DR (PDR), and 40 eyes having a history of laser panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) were classified as PRP-treated DR. Eyes with no ocular treatment (195 eyes) were divided according to the presence of and to the subtypes of DME. Subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFChT) and parafoveal choroidal thickness (PFChT) at 1500 lm were measured using EDI-OCT. RESULTS.Mean age was 62.6 6 12.4 years, and mean duration of DM was 15.1 6 7.2 years. Mean SFChT in groups with no DR (40 eyes), mild/moderate NPDR (47 eyes), severe NPDR (72 eyes), PDR (36 eyes), and PRP-treated DR (40 eyes) was 262.3 6 68.4 lm, 244.6 6 77.0 lm, 291.1 6 107.7 lm, 363.5 6 74.9 lm, and 239.9 6 57.4 lm, respectively. Mean SFChT was significantly greater in eyes with PDR than in those with no DR (P < 0.01), mild/ moderate NPDR (P < 0.01), or severe NPDR (P < 0.05). Mean SFChT decreased significantly in PRP-treated DR compared with PDR (P < 0.01). Eyes with DME (67 eyes) had a thicker subfoveal choroid than eyes without DME (128 eyes; P < 0.05) and, compared with cystoid or diffuse types, SFChT was thickest in subretinal detachment (SRD)-type DME (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONS. Choroidal thickness increased significantly as the severity worsened from mild/ moderate/NPDR to PDR, and decreased in PRP-treated eyes. The subfoveal choroid was thicker in eyes with DME than in those without, and was thickest in eyes with SRD-type DME.

Using the principles of gas adsorption kinetics, we have developed a new theoretical model addressing the adsorption and breakthrough of contaminant vapors or gases with respect to solid sorbents. Specifically, we have applied the theory to predict respirator cartridge service life in connection with individual contaminant exposure to toluene, vinyl chloride, ethyl acetate, and each of several different trichlorinated hydrocarbons at several levels of concentration. Theoretical expressions and contaminant breakthrough curves derived from our new approach are compared with those published previously by Mecklenburg and by Wheeler. The breakthrough curves derived by Mecklenburg and by Wheeler have approximately the same shape as the corresponding experimental curves for 0% to 40% breakthrough. However, these curves deviate in varying degrees from the experimental data at breakthrough values exceeding 40%. By contrast, our new theory agrees with published experimental results over the entire range of 0% to 100% breakthrough. The new model not only agrees with experimental observation, it is also less complicated and easier to apply to practical industrial hygiene problems than theories developed previously.