ObjectiveTo examine whether the clinical severity of cervical dystonia (CD) significantly correlates with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) findings as well as to determine the threshold of the clinical severity of CD for positive 18F-FDG PET/CT study findings.MethodsForty-seven subjects with torticollis as one of the symptoms of CD were included. The clinical severity of CD was evaluated with the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS) at the time of 18F-FDG PET/CT. The correlation between the clinical severity of CD and the highest SUVmax was examined. The threshold of the clinical severity of CD necessary for positive 18F-FDG PET/CT findings was determined using receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.ResultsThirty-three of the 47 subjects (70.21%) showed positive 18F-FDG PET/CT findings. The ipsilateral splenius capitis/cervicis, oblique capitis inferior, and longus colli/capitis were the rotators most frequently involved. The highest SUVmax of 18F-FDG PET/CT was significant correlated with the TWSTRS. Subjects with a total TWSTRS exceeding 39 showed positive 18F-FDG PET/CT findings, with those having a total TWSTRS ≤22 showing negative 18F-FDG PET/CT results. The cutoff value of the total TWSTRS for positive 18F-FDG PET/CT findings was set at 27.5 with 90.9% sensitivity and 64.3% specificity.ConclusionA significant correlation was evident between the clinical severity of CD and 18F-FDG PET/CT findings, providing a threshold of the clinical severity of CD for acquisition of positive 18F-FDG PET/CT findings.

Case report: A 1-year-old girl presented with a 10-month history of progressive protuberance of the left frontal skull. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography demonstrated a large osteolytic interosseous mass extending to the frontal sinus and temporal base without any intracranial invasion. A fronto-temporo-parietal craniectomy of the outer skull table and excision of an interosseous tumor resulted in local dural exposure in the temporal area that was covered by cranioplasty. Pathological examination identified desmoplastic fibroma (DF) of the skull. The patient's cranial asymmetry was improved without recurrence of the tumor up to the 12th month after excision. Discussion: In the literature, 11 cases of DF of the skull have been reported, two of which have involved children (one an infant). We report the second known infantile case of DF of the skull.